30 research outputs found
ADVANCED DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR HIGH-PRECISION WOODWORKING MACHINES
With the aim at performing the highest precision during woodworking, a
mix of alternative approaches, fruitfully integrated in a common design
strategy, is essential. This paper represents an overview of technical
solutions, recently developed by authors, in design of machine tools and
their final effects on manufacturing. The most advanced solutions in
machine design are reported side by side with common practices or little
everyday expedients. These design actions are directly or indirectly
related to the rational use of materials, sometimes very uncommon, as in
the case of
magnetorheological fluids chosen to implement an active control in speed
and force on the electro-spindle, and
permitting to improve the quality of wood machining. Other actions are
less unusual, as in the case of the adoption of innovative
anti-vibration supports for basement. Tradition or innovation, all these
technical solutions contribute to the final result: the highest
precision in wood machining
Metformin Therapy and Risk of Cancer in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review
<div><p>Aims/Hypothesis</p><p>Diabetes treatments were related with either an increased or reduced risk of cancer. There is ongoing debate about a potential protective action of metformin. To summarize evidence on the association between metformin and risk of cancer and cancer mortality in patients with diabetes.</p> <p>Methods</p><p>Data source: MEDLINE and EMBASE (January 1966-April 2012). We selected randomized studies comparing metformin and other hypoglycaemic agents and observational studies exploring the association between exposure to metformin and cancer. Outcomes were cancer mortality, all malignancies and site-specific cancers.</p> <p>Results</p><p>Of 25307 citations identified, 12 randomized controlled trials (21,595 patients) and 41 observational studies (1,029,389 patients) met the inclusion criteria. In observational studies there was a significant association of exposure to metformin with the risk of cancer death [6 studies, 24,410 patients, OR:0.65, 95%CI: 0.53-0.80], all malignancies [18 studies, 561,836 patients, OR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.61-0.88], liver [8 studies, 312,742 patients, OR:0.34; 95%CI: 0.19-0.60] colorectal [12 studies, 871,365 patients, OR:0.83, 95%CI: 0.74–0.92], pancreas [9 studies, 847,248 patients, OR:0.56, 95%CI: 0.36–0.86], stomach [2 studies, 100701 patients, OR:0.83, 95%CI: 0.76–0.91], and esophagus cancer [2 studies, 100694 patients, OR:0.90, 95%CI: 0.83–0.98]. No significant difference of risk was observed in randomized trials. Metformin was not associated with the risk of: breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, uterus cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and melanoma.</p> <p>Conclusions/Interpretation</p><p>Results suggest that Metformin might be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cancer and cancer-related mortality. Randomized trials specifically designed to evaluate the efficacy of metformin as an anticancer agent are warranted.</p> </div
(A) Mortality for Cancer. (B) All Malignancy.
<p>(A) Mortality for Cancer. (B) All Malignancy.</p
(A) Pancreatic cancer. (B) Stomach Cancer.
<p>(A) Pancreatic cancer. (B) Stomach Cancer.</p
Hazard Ratios for overall mortality adjusted by age and sex, according to DDCI.
<p>Hazard Ratios for overall mortality adjusted by age and sex, according to DDCI.</p
Discrimination and reclassification analysis.
<p>Discrimination and reclassification analysis.</p
Assignment of weights in the construction of DDCI through a time-to-death multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.
<p>Assignment of weights in the construction of DDCI through a time-to-death multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.</p
Kaplan-Meier curves according to DDCI score value.
<p>Panel A: overall survival; Panel B: time to first hospitalization.</p