Proximate Composition, Chlorophyll a, and Carotenoid Content in Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teod (Chlorophycea: Dunaliellaceae) cultured with Cost-Effective Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer Medium

Growth, proximate composition, chlorophyll a, and carotenoid content were estimated in static cultures of micro alga Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teod (Chlorophycea: Dunaliellaceae) to compare the quality and quantity of biomass produced with seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF) against Walne’s medium. Culture of micro algae was performed with controlled temperature of 27 ± 1 °C, salinity of 33, and an irradiance of 120 ± 3 μ mol m–2 s –1, and daily samples were taken to estimate the above-mentioned parameters. Mean cellular density from samples of both medium were similar and growth rates were 0.44 and 0.42 doubling per day, respectively. Maximum values of protein content 5.2 and 5.5 pg per cell were estimated on day 5 in Walne’s medium and SLF, respectively. Carbohydrate and lipid content decreased during the first 4 days corresponding to the culture exponential growth. Higher carbohydrate content was found in both media during the first 2 days and thereafter reduced partially compared to their concentrations. Generally lipid contents in cultures with SLF were significantly higher (P ≤0.05) compared to Walne’s medium. Both pigments also increased exponentially and their concentration was same in both experiments. In conclusion, all the parameters tested were similar when using either media, and hence SLF can be used as an alternate media for micro algal culture

Effects of copper on development and survival rate of Paphia malabarica Chemnitz larvae under low saline condition

Venerid clam, Paphia malabarica Chemnitz, is the commercially exploited species distributed exclusively in Vembanad Lake and Ashtamudi estuary, along the south west coast of India. In this study, the survival rate and development of P. malabarica larvae were studied for 3 days in ambient salinity (33), copper (2.5 μg Cu2+ l−1), reduced salinities (25 and 20) and a combination of copper in low salinities. No significant differences were found in larval development between treatments. The survival rates decreased considerably with low salinities although the combination of copper and low salinity gave synergistic effects. The reduced survival in low salinities would limit population growth of this species in estuarine areas experiencing low salinities and also explains the absence of larval settlement on habitats close to harbors or river mouths

Effects of microalgal diets on larval growth and survival of Paphia malabarica chemnitz

The effects of food availability on the larval growth and survival of Paphia malabarica were studied in two experiments by feeding the larvae with six algal diets. Newly hatched larvae of P. malabarica were fed with six different marine microalgae species, singly and in a combination of two species. The best growth was with Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis salina as a single species of diet. The nutritional value of single-species diets was in the order of N. salina, I. galbana, Dicrateria inornata, Chaetoceros calcitrans,Tetraselmis gracilis and Dunaliella salina. Of the mixtures tested, 50% I. galbana/50% N. salina supported growth and metamorphosis equivalent to those of the I. galbana control

Micro algae culture as live feed

The early life stages of every cultivable organism in a hatchery system depend on the feed provided. Micro algae form the basic food for all the larval stages of crustaceans, molluscs, sea cucumber and finfishes. Even though, large number of micro algae is identified, only a few are used as live feed. Identification, isolation and the maintenance of stock culture and mass culture of required micro algae as feed is the prior task in every hatchery system. Moreover, the preference of the organisms varies with species and in its different stages of life cycle. Here, we try to discuss the present status, methods and protocols adopted for the production of micro algae as live feed for the benefit of aquaculture

Retracted due to plagiarism-------Effects of diet, stocking density and environmental factors on growth, survival and metamorphosis of clam, Paphia malabarica (Chemnitz) larvae

A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the e¡ects of diet, stocking density and environmental factors on the growth, survival and metamorphosis of short neck clamPaphiamalabarica larvae.These experiments examined the following factors: diet [Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis salina and a mixture of I. galbana and N. salina (1:1 w/w)], stocking density (1, 3, 5 and 7 larvaemL_1), light intensity (unshaded, partially shaded and fully shaded) and water ¢ltration (un¢ltered and sand ¢ltered). Results indicated that N. salina could replace 50%of I. galbana as a food source for the clam larvae with an increase in growth, survival (47.2%), metamorphosis (33.5%) and early settlement. Larval growth decreased signi¢cantly with increasing stocking density. A density of 1^3 larvaemL_1 appeared to be optimal for normal growth of clam larva