Marketing intelligence as support for decision-making in an international team-context

Siirretty Doriast

Intergroup implications of moral divides over arranged marriages in Germany

Due to migration, two different marriage systems came to co-exist in Germany: love marriages and arranged marriages, with the latter triggering a heated debate in the German society. This study investigated the moral underpinnings of negative attitudes towards groups that engage in arranged marriages amongst adult Germans (N =327). Based on the Moral Foundations Theory, the individualizing and libertarian moral foundation were hypothesized to predict negative attitudes towards people who engage in arranged marriages, with the attitudes towards arranged marriages mediating this relationship. Intercultural competences were expected to buffer the relationship between moral foundations and attitudes towards arranged marriages. Unexpectedly, the results showed that individualizing and libertarian moral foundations predict more positive attitudes towards the groups that engage in arranged marriages (i.e., less social distance and less dehumanization). By contrast, the binding foundation predicted more social distance and more dehumanization of groups that engage in arranged marriages. The mediating role of attitudes towards arranged marriages was not supported. Intercultural competences were not significant moderators. The results and their implications are discussed.Devido à migração, dois sistemas matrimoniais vêm a coexistir na Alemanha: casamentos por amor e casamentos arranjados, sendo esto último desencadeado um debate intenso na sociedade alemã. Este estudo investigou os fundamentos morais das atitudes negativas em relação aos grupos que se envolvem em casamentos arranjados entre cidadãos adultos alemães (N =327). Com a base na Teoria das Fundações Morais, os fundamentos morais individualizados e libertária foram hipoteticamente para prever as atitudes negativas em relação aos casamentos arranjados, sendo as atitudes em relação aos casamentos arranjas a mediadora desta relação. A partir daí, são introduzidas competências interculturais como moderadores, que amortecem a relação entre convicções morais e as atitudes negativas em relação aos casamentos arranjados. Inesperadamente, os resultados mostraram que os fundamentos morais individualizados e libertários têm atitudes mais positivas em relação aos grupos que se envolvem em casamentos arranjados (i.e., menor distância social e desumanização). Em contraste, a fundação vinculativa prevê um maior distanciamento social, e desumanização dos grupos que se empenham em casamentos arranjados. O papel do mediador em relação às atitudes da prática não foi apoiado. As competências interculturais não foram moderadoras significativos. Os resultados e as suas implicações são discutíveis

Genetic Variability of Common Yew (Taxus baccata L.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Priznatim biokemijskim biljezima, analizirana je molekularno genetička struktura dijela prirodnih populacija obične tise (Taxus baccata L.) u Bosni i Hercegovini. Za analizu smo uporabili materijal iz šest (6) populacija obične tise. Genetičku varijabilnost analizirali smo uporabom šest (6) enzimskih sustava. Uspješno je analiziramo šest (6) genskih lokusa koji su pokazali odgovarajući stupanj polimorfizma. Analizom je obuhvaćeno ukupno 16 alela. Prosječan broj alela po lokusu kretao se od 1,83 do 2,33. Utvrđeno je i postojanje velike varijabilnosti unutar populacija, koja je pokazala diskontinuirani karakter. Potencijalna genotipska raznolikost kretala se od 162 do 1944, a broj potencijalnih polimorfnih genskih lokusa kretao se od 66,6 % do 83,3 %. Gen pool raznolikost se kretala od 1,208 do 1,564, a prosječna stvarna heterozigotnost od 0,185 do 0,490, a ukupna prosječna stvarna heterozigotnost za sve populacije 0,281. Dobiveni rezultati omogućit će propisivanje i provođenje odgovarajućih mjera na zaštiti i konzervaciji autohtonog genofonda tise u Bosni i Hercegovini.By biochemical markers, we analyzed the molecular genetic structure of a part of natural populations of Common Yew (Taxus baccata L.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this analysis we used the material from 6 Yew populations. The genetic variability was analyzed by usage of 6 enzyme systems, and we successfully analyzed 6 gene loci who exhibited an adequate level of polymorphism. The analysis included a total of 16 allele. The average number of allele per locus varied between 1,83 and 2,33. By the analysis we determined that the presence of significant variability within the populations, that showed a discontinued character. A potential genotype diversity varied between 162 and 1944, and the number of potential polymorphous genetic loci varied between 66, 6 % and 83, 3 %. Gen pool diversity varied between 1,208 and 1,564, and average real heterozygosis between 0,185 and 0,490, while the overall average realistic heterozygosis was 0,281 for all populations. Based on the obtained results as a result we can make numerous remarks that are significant for carrying out the activities at protection of the autochthonous gene fund of the Yew. Thus, by the analysis of 6 isoenzyme gene loci there was determined the existence of statistically significant differences among the studied populations, and variability of the Common Yew that was determined have indicated discontinued variability. The differences were determined between the populations of Ozren and other populations, including significant differentiation among them, and their genetic distances were also considerable. The results of the analysis of the Yew from Bosnia and Herzegovina indicated the existence of specific allele in the studied populations, as opposed to the larch from central and northern Europe, which means that our larch could not be too far from its glacial stand. The populations are thus more resistant and less susceptible to degradation and drying, than the populations from the west as they possess sufficient genetic variability. Lower value of heterozygosis of the studied populations as opposed to the populations of the Yew from Central Europe show that the studied populations were under strong anthropogenic influence, however, they did not lose much of its adaptation genetic potential. If we analyze the heterozygosis of the gene loci 6-Pgdh – A, that is quite high, points at higher level of resistance of our Yew populations. In order to preserve natural genetic resources of Common Yew in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is necessary to establish gene banks in situ and ex situ, which are necessary for preservation of the genetic diversity. In the activities with larch, and in its restoration, advantage should be given to its natural rejuvenation, with permanent monitoring of its genetic structure, in order to allow timely measures for preservation of optimal natural genetic structure that is typical for each separate population