Design, Development and Metrological Investigation of a Trapezoidal-shaped Force Transducer

This paper demonstrates the design and development of a trapezoidal-shaped force transducer with simple assembly to accommodate easy strain gauging on flat surfaces. Finite element analysis has been performed for computational studies. The design is validated based on experimental results. Force metrology has been discussed in detail following the standard procedures as per ISO 376: 2011. Metrological investigation for category D (includes reversibility and interpolation) shows that the proposed design of the force transducer, achieved class 0.5 standards of force transducers with uncertainty in the measurement of only up to 0.10 % or better throughout at a nominal capacity of 15 kN (tensile load). The methodology proposed here paves way for future efforts to develop miniaturized strain gauged force transducer for a wide range of micromachining and similar other precision engineering industrial applications. Force measurement is an integral part ofvarious industrial applications that require installation of force transducers. Sometimes, these transducers are required for on-site calibration of large testing machines. So, the current research work discusses and describes the designing of dialgauge as well as strain-gauge arrangements of measuring of applied forc

Design, Development and Metrological Investigation of a Trapezoidal-shaped Force Transducer

835-844This paper demonstrates the design and development of a trapezoidal-shaped force transducer with simple assembly to accommodate easy strain gauging on flat surfaces. Finite element analysis has been performed for computational studies. The design is validated based on experimental results. Force metrology has been discussed in detail following the standard procedures as per ISO 376: 2011. Metrological investigation for category D (includes reversibility and interpolation) shows that the proposed design of the force transducer, achieved class 0.5 standards of force transducers with uncertainty in the measurement of only up to 0.10 % or better throughout at a nominal capacity of 15 kN (tensile load). The methodology proposed here paves way for future efforts to develop miniaturized strain gauged force transducer for a wide range of micromachining and similar other precision engineering industrial applications. Force measurement is an integral part of various industrial applications that require installation of force transducers. Sometimes, these transducers are required for on-site calibration of large testing machines. So, the current research work discusses and describes the designing of dialgauge as well as strain-gauge arrangements of measuring of applied force

Adhesion Technologies of Bio-Inspired Climbing Robots: A Survey

Climbing robots are special mobile robots proposed for engineering tasks such as surveillance and maintenance activities in human inaccessible areas. These robots comprise of responsive gaits, efficient adhesion mechanisms, actuators, and intelligent sensors. Conventional climbing robots have limitations of overweight, specific deployment issues, and flexibility. Bio-inspired climbing robots have the versatility because robots can take up specific feature of natural creatures. Adhesion methods of bio-inspired robots have been represented in this paper. Classifications of such robots are prepared from their adapted adherence. Adhesion techniques of animals and small insects are also overviewed. Resemblance of grasping technique between natural species and climbing robots is discussed. Finally, robots are compared from their design aspects and presented for searching better adhesion system of robots

A Review of Diameter Measurement and a Proposal for the Improvement Thereof

In order to establish traceability of area of pressure measurement, piston-cylinder assemblies are characterized dimensionally. Piston, cylinder and master ring gauges demand diameter measurement uncertainty of about 30 nm. As focused efforts to achieve the requisite uncertainty, most of the trendy diameter measuring machines, used and available across the globe, are studied for their designs and performance. Conceptually, the uncompensated systematic error contributes significantly to the uncertainty of the measurements. In order to understand the magnitudes of the various errors, some of the key comparison reports are also studied. Based on the analysis of the review, laser-based displacement interferometer measurement systems are proposed. Theoretically, the proposed models reduce the Abbe's error

A novel method of diameter measurement of pistons used in pressure standards using scanning principle and fusion technique

The requirement of improved certainties in the measurement of the diameter and the form of cylindrical artifacts is increasing day-by-day. Such requirements become indispensable in typical applications, like the inspection of the fuel injection systems and calibration of pressure balances. A new experiment is set to measure the diameter of a cylindrical artifact, particularly the piston of a pressure-measuring device. Three displacement sensors are used to scan the cross-section of a cylinder and a reference gauge block. At the same time, the scanning process is simulated for ideal conditions. The coordinate data thus obtained in the scanning is fused on to a circle. The misalignments in the experimental setup are refined by iterative scanning the artifacts under test until the experimentally obtained surface profiles match with the simulated ones. Then, the fused circle represents the diameter of the cylindrical object. According to substitution technique, the deviation of the diameter of the artifact under test is determined from the size of the gauge block. Finally, the expanded measurement uncertainty is estimated

An accurate inner diameter measurement

The inaccurate deflection behavior of the probing system degrades the performance of the diameter-measuring machines. In this experiment, the probing is improved, applying an autocollimator and an angular positioning datum. We have devised this datum using a liquid wedge. A ring gauge is chosen as a workpiece to evaluate the deflection behavior of the probing system. The improved uncertainty of the probing is found as low as 40 nm. Subsequently, the inner diameter of the ring gauge is measured on this experimental setup. By employing a simulation, we aligned the workpiece. The deflections of the stylus are optimized to achieve zero deflection error at the zenith points. Consequently, the swing of the probe at the zenith points is combined with the rectilinear displacement of the workpiece to estimate the inner diameter. The uncertainty of the measurement of the ring gauge is improved up to 140 nm

Not Available

Not AvailableA 120 days grow out culture trial of Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus was carried out to ascertain the effect of different dietary level of protein in pond system. Three experimental feeds with crude protein (CP) - 30 (P30), 35 (P35) and 40% (P40) levels and their effects on growth performance of shrimps were studied for a period of 120 days. Shrimps fed with P30 and P35 recorded significantly higher average body weight, 14.29 ± 0.06 g and 14.24 ± 0.19 g respectively compared to the group fed with higher protein feed, P40 (13.13 ± 0.16 g). There was no significant difference (p  .05) in P40 (2519.85 ± 18.02) while it was comparable between P30 (2930.17 ± 114.20) and P35 (3007.01 ± 153.02). The present study revealed that a protein level of 30–35% in practical diet is optimal for grow out pond culture of Indian white shrimp, P.indicus.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableA 120 days grow out culture trial of Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus was carried out to ascertain the effect of different dietary level of protein in pond system. Three experimental feeds with crude protein (CP) - 30 (P30), 35 (P35) and 40% (P40) levels and their effects on growth performance of shrimps were studied for a period of 120 days. Shrimps fed with P30 and P35 recorded significantly higher average body weight, 14.29 ± 0.06 g and 14.24 ± 0.19 g respectively compared to the group fed with higher protein feed, P40 (13.13 ± 0.16 g). There was no significant difference (p  .05) in P40 (2519.85 ± 18.02) while it was comparable between P30 (2930.17 ± 114.20) and P35 (3007.01 ± 153.02). The present study revealed that a protein level of 30–35% in practical diet is optimal for grow out pond culture of Indian white shrimp, P.indicusNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableA 120 days grow out culture trial of Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus was carried out to ascertain the effect of different dietary level of protein in pond system. Three experimental feeds with crude protein (CP) - 30 (P30), 35 (P35) and 40% (P40) levels and their effects on growth performance of shrimps were studied for a period of 120 days. Shrimps fed with P30 and P35 recorded significantly higher average body weight, 14.29 ± 0.06 g and 14.24 ± 0.19 g respectively compared to the group fed with higher protein feed, P40 (13.13 ± 0.16 g). There was no significant difference (p  .05) in P40 (2519.85 ± 18.02) while it was comparable between P30 (2930.17 ± 114.20) and P35 (3007.01 ± 153.02). The present study revealed that a protein level of 30–35% in practical diet is optimal for grow out pond culture of Indian white shrimp, P.indicus.Not Availabl