The hierarchy problem and the vacuum stability in two-scalar dark matter model

We consider an extension to the Standard Model (SM) with two extra real singlet scalars which interact with the SM Higgs particle. The lighter scalar is taken as the dark matter (DM) candidate. We show that the model successfully explains the relic abundance of the DM in the universe and evades the strong bounds from direct detection experiments while respecting the perturbativity and the vacuum stability conditions. In addition, we study the hierarchy problem within the Veltman approach by solving the renormalization group equations at one-loop. We demonstrate that the addition of the real singlet scalars contributes to the Veltman parameters which in turn results in satisfying the Veltman conditions much lower than the Planck scale $\Lambda_\text{Pl}$ down to the electroweak scale. Therefore, the presence of the extra scalars solves the fine-tuning problem of the Higgs mass. For the case of the two-scalar DM model we find two representative points in the viable parameter space which satisfy also the Veltman conditions at $\Lambda = 300$ GeV and $\Lambda = 1$ TeV.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, journal versio

Evaluation the status of medical library of Shahid Babai faculty of medicine and its dependent Therapeutic Centers in comparison with standards for Iranian Academic libraries

Background: The matching criteria for the standard academic libraries and university libraries in the principles that the library can achieve long-term goals help University research & education and lack of attention to this issue will lead to delays or failure to achieve these goals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of medical library of Shahid Babaee faculty of medicine and its six dependent hospital libraries of Qazvin University of medical sciences, and its comparison with the Standards of Academic Library. Methods: A descriptive epidemiology method was used in this study. The study population consisted of libraries of Shahid Babaee faculty of medicine and its dependent clinical centers. Standardized questionnaire and a check list were used to collect data. Findings: The findings indicate that, in connection with the human specialist, all 7 managers of official's library have not librarian education degree. 57% of the libraries surveyed (4 libraries) have organizational charts and division of work in the library, and 71.4 % (5 libraries) had written procedures and policies which were provided for their staff and managers. Libraries have not an independent budget for their selves. 71.4% (5 libraries) of the library have a reading hall. In 71.4% a separated space has not been either for library materials technology or for staffs. Conclusion: however some factors are near to standards level, but the staff –student ratio, specialist staff, standard spaces, in these libraries are below the standards level and its need more and properly Attention of managers of Qazvin University of medical sciences to improve and to reach to the standard goals of medical libraries. Keywords: faculty libraries, hospital libraries, standard

The Reasons of Authors' TrendtowardDream-Interpretation Texts

Dream-interpretation texts are one kind of literary texts which are divided into two categories: 1-interpretation of a dream 2- explanation of a dream. Qajar era is one of the considerable historical periods for dream-interpretation writing. In this period, dream-interpretations texts also contain critical, political and social contents. Among these dream-interpretation texts, Etemad Saltane’s Ecstasy, Seid Jamal-A-Din’s True Dream, Mohammad Hassane TajereKashani’s True Dream and Molla Fathalie Esfehani’s Wonderful Dream are considerable. This article aims to reveal not only the reasons of authors for choosingdream-interpretation framework but also similarities and differences ofthem based on historical researches by employing analytical – descriptive approach. The results of this study demonstrates that despite of some slight different viewpoint among authors of this kind of books, they not only had critical perspective but also endeavored to spread modern ideas by criticizing the socio-political system of that age. These authors selected dream-interpretation framework to express their critical ideas in order not to be engaged in despotic atmosphere

The impact of Multimedia Software Support on the Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: Education is the most effective and economical part of diabetes treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a training program with multimedia software on the knowledge and self-care behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial in which 60 patients referred to diabetes clinic at Arak city were divided randomly into experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. The instruments for collecting data were "Summary of Diabetes self-care activities questionnaire" and "knowledge of self-care in patients with diabetes". Data were collected before and 2 months after the intervention in the both groups. Educational program with equal content was applied for both experimental group (self-care program with multimedia software support) & control group (lecture and presentation with PowerPoint). Data analysis was done using SPSS Ver.13. Results: Implementation of the self-care program with multimedia software support resulted in improvements in patients’ self-care behaviors in the experimental group, whereas these behaviors had not significant changes in the control group after eight weeks. There was a significant difference in the mean score of knowledge in both the experiment and control groups before and after the intervention. Conclusion: Considering beneficial effects of training program with multimedia software support on the knowledge and self-care behaviors and the importance of this issue, suggested that the patients preferably provide terms of use of educational software for themselves

Measles from the Perspective of Rhazes and Traditional Iranian Medicine: a Narrative Review

Background Measles is a contagious illness with symptoms including fever, cough and rash. Although after the start of vaccination, its mortality rate has decreased significantly, but in some countries, the disease still leads to dangerous complications. Since infectious diseases such as measles has long been of interest to practitioners, in this study the perspective of Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) scholars, especially Razi (Rhazes) about measles was examined. Materials and Methods In the present study, we reviewed Rhazes’ viewpoint about symptoms and treatment of measles in the book entitled "Al jodari - Al hasbah", and other TIM books. In addition, using scientific online databases, the latest studies in this regard are investigated. Results Rhazes was the first physician who described measles scientifically in a separate book called "Al jodari - Al hasbah". In addition to the disease symptoms, its complications and treatment strategies that includes three areas of general recommendations, nutritional measures and topical treatments such as laxatives, foods, fruits, vegetables and herbs with cold nature (based on TIM), he also explained the prognosis of the measles according to the division of skin rashes. Some other Iranian medicine scholars such as Avicenna in addition to the mentioning other therapeutic strategies also pointed out the contagious nature of measles. Conclusion Given that some of the diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive perspectives in TIM textbooks, especially Rhazes’ "Al jodari - Al hasbah" have been supported by evidence of new studies, it seems that the opinion of these scientists in the field of infectious and contagious diseases such as measles can be helpful

Assessment of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Electric and Magnetic Fields in Hamedan High Electrical Power Stations and their Effects on Workers

Introduction: Public and occupational exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields induced by electrical equipment is a significant issue in the environment and at the workplace due to their potential health effects on public health. The purpose of this study was assessment of the electric and magnetic fields intensities and determination of mental and psychological effects of occupational exposure in the high voltage electric power stations in the city of Hamadan, Iran. Material and Methods: The intensities of the magnetic and electric fields were measured at eight high voltage electric power stations at three different intervals of sources using an HI-3604 instrument. A two-part questionnaire was used to assess mental and psychological effects of the exposure to these fields. Two groups of control and case workers including 30 samples were selected to determine the exposure effects. Results: The results of field measurements showed the highest average electric field intensity was related to the CVT unit with 3110 V/m at a 2 m distance from the source and the lowest average was related to the control room with 1.35 V/m next to the source. Also, the highest and lowest magnetic field intensities were close to the transformator 2 and the battery room (50.42 and 1.31 mG), respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The intensities of electric and magnetic fields in the selected stations are lower than the ACGIH and ICNIRP standard levels for occupational exposures. The results obtained indicate that the distribution of these fields was nonlinear around the sources and the effects observed on exposed workers were non-thermal

Factors Affecting Learning of Pharmaceutical Care in Clinical Education: Arak Nursing Students’ Perspectives

Introduction: Having appropriate knowledge of Pharmacology is very important in giving good nursing care. However, little attention is paid to its teaching and learning. This study aimed to determine factors affecting pharmaceutical care learning in clinical education. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Arak University of Medical Sciences during 2010-11. The sample selection was done using census sampling. Sixty one nursing students in 6th, 7th, and 8th semesters were studied using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 62.3% of participants were male and the others were female. Mean and SD of their age was 22.02±1.29. Their marks on Theoretical Pharmacology were 14.45±2.34. It was determined that variables related to clinical instructor, student and clinical environment are factors affecting pharmaceutical care learning from the view of nursing students. As for clinical instructor, competence of an instructor with an average of 2.29 was identified as the most important factor affecting pharmaceutical care learning. Conclusion: Paying attention to and strengthening the instructors’ qualifications, recruiting efficient teachers, creating an appropriate clinical environment, considering motivational factors affecting students’ success in acquiring knowledge and experience and their appreciation of the importance and necessity of proper medication, and providing strategies to increase students' clinical learning can facilitate and strengthen learning process of pharmaceutical care

The Effect of Word Meaning on Speech DysFluency in Adults with Developmental Stuttering

Objectives: Stuttering is one of the most prevalent speech and language disorders. Symptomology of stuttering has been surveyed from different aspects such as biological, developmental, environmental, emotional, learning and linguistic. Previous researches in English-speaking people have suggested that some linguistic features such as word meanings may play a role in the frequency of speech non-fluency in people who stutter. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of word meanings on the frequency of dysfluency in Persian-speaking adults with developmental stuttering. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 14 adults who stuttered. Their average age was 25 years. The frequency of non-fluency instances was evaluated upon reading two lists containing 60 words and 60 non-words. The words were selected on the basis of common Persian syllable structures. &lsquo;Kolmogoro-Smirnov one sample test&rsquo; and paired t-test was used to analyze data the significance level was set at P<0.05. Results:There was a significant difference between the dysfluency in word and non-word lists (P<0.05). Discussion: The findings of this study indicate a significant increase in the frequency of dysfluency on non-words than on real words. It seems that the phonological encodingprocess of non-word reading is much more complex than for word reading, because, in non-word reading, the component of semantic content retrieval (word meaning) is missing when compared to word reading

Effect of word meaning on the frequency of disfluency in adults with developmental Stuttering

Introduction: Stuttering is one of the most prevalent speech and language disorders. Symptomatology of stuttering has been surveyed from biological, developmental, environmental, emotional, learning and linguistic viewpoints. Literature shows that "word meaning" as a linguistic feature may influence the frequency of disfluency. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of word meaning on disfluency frequency in adult with developmental Stuttering. Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional descriptive- analytic study, 14 adults who stutter (12 males and 2 females) with the mean age of 24.93 years participated. disfluency frequency was evaluated by asking the subjects to read two lists, one of which contained 60 words and the other 60 non- words. The words were selected based on various Persian syllable structures. The obtained data were statistically analyzed through paired t-test using SPSS software. Results: The results of this study showed that there was significant difference between the frequency of disfluency in word and non-word reading tasks (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate a significant increase in frequency of disfluency on non- words than on real words. According to the results, it seem that the phonological encoding process of non- word reading must be much more complex than that of real-word reading in the sense that semantic content retrieval (word meaning) is missing in non- word reading

Informal sexual relationship-associated factors among young adult smartphone users in South of Iran: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background With the unprecedented pace of modernization, risky sexual behaviors have become more frequent in developing countries, such as Iran. We aimed to assess the prevalence of informal sexual relationship (ISR) and factors associated with having ISR in young adult in Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 414 young adult smartphone users in Iran, in 2019. Data was collected through an online questionnaire (including: ISR, socio-demographic variables, their use of social network, religious beliefs, personality, and loneliness). Logistic regression model was used to determine factors related to ISR. Results A total of 152 (36.7%; 95% CI 32.1–45.6) participants reported having ISR. Finding an opposite-sex friend through a mobile app (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.34, 5.01), being currently sexually active (OR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.26, 4.56), higher scores of extroverted personality (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.01, 1.27), and closer relationship with parents (OR = 3.17, 95% CI 2.25, 8.02) were found to be associated with having ISR. Additionally, living in small cities rather than the provincial capital (OR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.10, 0.49) had a reverse association with having ISR. Conclusions This study illustrated the high prevalence of ISR and its association with increased duration of internet and mobile app use. Innovative and multidisciplinary approaches could be recommended in this regard