Anatomical and physiological basis of the reduced occlusion syndrome

Decrease in the interalveolar distance (IAD) that develops during a period of permanent occlusion as a result of progressive primary dental diseases: Increased abrasion of hard tissues of the teeth, extensive edentulous space, and generalized form of periodontitis is accompanied by morphofunctional changes in the masticatory muscles and the development of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The objective of the study was to identify development mechanisms of the reduced occlusion syndrome that develops as a result of decrease in the IAD caused by primary dental disease

Selection and synthesis of general mechanisms for formation of CHF in comorbid pathology

The work analyses the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved ejection fraction (EF); General mechanisms of CHF formation in concomitant diseases are outlined; Modern data on the effect of co morbid pathology on cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure with a preserved EF are summarize

РАСШИРЕНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ПАПИЛЛОМАВИРУСНОЙ (ВПЧ)-ИНФЕКЦИИ: ЗАЩИТА ОТ ЦЕЛОГО СПЕКТРА ВПЧ-АССОЦИИРОВАННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ЛИЦ РАЗЛИЧНОГО ВОЗРАСТА И ПОЛА

HPV is the most widespread sexually transmitted infection. HPV affects men and women regardless of age and leads to the development of various anogenital area diseases. International studies proved a wide clinical range of the tetravalent HPV vaccine protection and allowed recommending it for the prevention of not only cervical cancer, but also of vulvar, vaginal and anal cancer and anogenital condylomae in patients of both sexes. 42 countries have already introduced national HPV-vaccination programs in compliance with WHO recommendations. Anogenital area cancer morbidity reduction in these countries is expected in 10-15 years. However, a reduction or even complete disappearance of anogenital condylomae among the population has already been noted in a range of countries because the incubation period of this disease is short; this is the first marker of vaccination efficacy in a population.ВПЧ — самая распространенная инфекция, передаваемая половым путем. ВПЧ поражает мужчин и женщин независимо от возраста и приводит к развитию различных заболеваний аногенитальной области. Проведенные международные клинические исследования подтвердили широкий спектр защиты четырехвалентной вакцины против ВПЧ и позволили рекомендовать ее для профилактики не только рака шейки матки, но и рака вульвы, влагалища, анального канала и аногенитальных кондилом у лиц обоих полов. 42 страны уже внедрили национальные программы ВПЧ-вакцинации в соответствии с рекомендациями ВОЗ. Снижение заболеваемости раком аногенитальной области в этих странах ожидается через 10–15 лет. Однако уже сейчас в ряде стран отмечается снижение или даже полное исчезновение аногенитальных кондилом среди населения, что связано с коротким инкубационным периодом данного заболевания и является первым маркером эффективности вакцинации в популяции

Investigation on the association of cardiovascular markers with severity of chronic pyelonephritis

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an established independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is caused by chronic pyelonephritis (CP). This study aimed to investigate the effect of the association of cardiovascular markers with the course of CP on the comorbidity of CP with ischemic heart disease. The study participants included 125 patients with CP without symptoms of urinary tract obstruction who were divided into three group

ВАКЦИНАЦИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ В ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ. СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ

This article describes the peculiarities of the National immunization programs for adolescents in the WHO Euro region. A comparative analysis of the groups was conducted based on economic development. The best and the worst performing states were identified in every group. It was demonstrated that economic development is not the leading factor that determines a country’s vaccination policy. В статье описаны особенности национальных программ вакцинации подростков стран Европейского региона Всемирной организации здравоохранения,  и в зависимости от уровня развития экономики выполнен сравнительный анализ по группам лидирующих и отстающих стран. Показано, что экономический фактор не является ведущим в определении политики вакцинации в стране и расширения национального календаря прививок

Опыт вакцинации 13-валентной конъюгированной пневмококковой вакциной пациентки с ювенильным идиопатическим артритом с частыми респираторными инфекциями на фоне терапии метотрексатом

The article presents the experience of vaccination with a pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) of a patient aged 5 years with oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) receiving methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg/m2 per week subcutaneously. Treatment with methotrexate provided a remission of JIA, but was accompanied by frequent respiratory infections — up to 8 times a year. During infection progression, methotrexate injections were omitted. Gaps in the treatment with methotrexate were accompanied by an exacerbation of the underlying condition. Vaccination of the patient with PCV13 reduced the frequency of respiratory infections to 2 times a year, which was accompanied by the development of persistent remission of the disease. Adverse events and exacerbation of JIA in a child after vaccination with PCV13 were not registered.Представлен опыт вакцинации 13-валентной конъюгированной пневмококковой вакциной (13ПКВ) пациентки в возрасте 5 лет с олигоартикулярным ювенильным идиопатическим артритом (ЮИА), получавшей метотрексат в дозе 15 мг/м2 в неделю подкожно. Лечение метотрексатом обеспечило ремиссию ЮИА, но сопровождалось частыми респираторными инфекциями — до 8 раз в год. При развитии инфекций инъекции метотрексата пропускались. Перерывы в лечении метотрексатом сопровождались обострением основного заболевания. Вакцинация пациентки 13ПКВ обеспечила снижение частоты респираторных инфекций до 2 раз в год, что сопровождалось развитием стойкой ремиссии заболевания. Нежелательных явлений и обострения ЮИА у ребенка на фоне вакцинации 13ПКВ не зарегистрировано

CHANGE OF BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS IN ORAL LIQUID AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION FOR TREATMENT OF PARTIAL EDENTIA

Aim. To study the electrolytic composition and state of the prooxidant-antioxidant system of the oral fluid after dental implantation.Materials and methods. 25 patients suffering from the partial edentia (the 2nd group of 13 patients with 1-3 teeth missing and the 3rd group of 12 patients with 4-6 teeth missing) and 20 healthy volunteers (the 1st group) took part in the study. The non-stimulated oral fluid was collected using the Ti Grade 4 implants during their first visit and 6 months after the dental implantation. The electrolytic composition, content of products of oxidative biomolecular modification and the activity of antioxidative protection enzymes of the oral fluid have been studied.Results. It has been demonstrated that in partial edentia the level of sodium ions in the oral fluid increased 3-5 times while the level of iron ions increased 5-11 times. At the resampling of the oral fluid after the performed dental implantation the decrease in iron content down to the control indices has been determined in both groups of patients. In 6 months after restoration of denture by means of the dental implants the significant changes in the oxidative metabolism of the patients’ oral fluid have been revealed. So the content of products of oxidative biomolecular modification in the oral fluid of the patients suffering from partial edentia with 1-3 teeth missing decreased to the indices similar to those of the control group; in patients with 4-6 teeth missing the level decreased by 26% in comparison with the indices of the same group before treatment. The catalase activity of oral fluid in the second group decreased by 52% after treatment which can be associated with the production increase in hydrogen peroxide and the accompanying decrease in necessity of enzyme functioning. After the dental implantation against the background of the decreased indices before treatment the activity of glutathione peroxidase increased in the 2nd group 2,1 times and in the 3rd group 1,7 times reflecting the partial restoration of the protective potential of the oral fluid.Conclusion. The tendency to the normalization of functioning of the prooxidant-antioxidant system and the electrolytic exchange in the oral fluid of patients suffering from the partial edentia after the dental implantation has been demonstrated

VACCINATION FOR ADOLESCENTS IN THE EUROPEAN REGION: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM

This article describes the peculiarities of the National immunization programs for adolescents in the WHO Euro region. A comparative analysis of the groups was conducted based on economic development. The best and the worst performing states were identified in every group. It was demonstrated that economic development is not the leading factor that determines a country’s vaccination policy

РОТАВИРУСНАЯ ИНФЕКЦИЯ. КАК ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНО ЗАЩИТИТЬ ДЕТЕЙ ОТ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ ГАСТРОЭНТЕРИТОВ?

According to the statistics of the recent 5 years, the share of rotavirus gastroenterites is 44-47% of all acute intestinal infections in children under 5 years of age in the Russian Federation. Up to 5% of mortality rate in children under 5 years of age is connected with rotavirus gastroenteritis. Rotavirus gastroenteritis takes an especially severe course in children of 6-24 months of age. The only reliable method of preventing this infection is vaccination. The authors present information on the rotavirus strains dominant in Russia and abroad, efficacy and safety of immunization with a pentavalent vaccine and the recommended schemes of its administration. This vaccine is registered in the Russian Federation; it is to be first used in the nearest future.На территории Российской Федерации, по данным статистики за последние 5 лет, доля ротавирусных гастроэнтеритов составляет 44–47% всех острых кишечных инфекций у детей до 5-летнего возраста. До 5% всей детской смертности среди детей младше 5 лет связано с ротавирусным гастроэнтеритом. Особенно тяжело ротавирусный гастроэнтерит протекает у детей в возрасте 6–24 мес. Единственной надежной мерой профилактики данной инфекции является вакцинация. Авторы дают информацию о доминирующих штаммах ротавируса в России и за рубежом, а также рассказывают об эффективности и безопасности иммунизации пентавалентной вакциной и рекомендуемых схемах ее введения. Данная вакцина зарегистрирована в Российской Федерации, в ближайшее время планируется ее использование.