Influencia del gradiente ambiental sobre la distribución de las comunidades macrobentónicas del estuario del río Guadiana

El estudio efectuado a lo largo del cauce del río Guadiana y las áreas de influencia ha permitido establecer las zonas donde se desarrollan las distintas comunidades de macrofauna del sedimento como respuesta a las diversas condiciones ambientales. En este sentido, se han delimitado cinco grandes zonas: tramo alto, tramo medio, estuario bajo, desembocadura y área litoral, donde, a su vez, se distinguen las comunidades someras de las profundas. Ante la inexistencia de un elemento contaminante claro, parece que son las diferencias entre el medio marino, el fluvial y el estuarino las que están marcando las distintas composiciones de estas comunidades, como se pone de manifiesto en los análisis multivariantes realizados y por el gradiente de enriquecimiento y estructuración conforme se alcanza un ambiente de mayor influencia marinaThe present study on the distribution of sofbottom macrofauna along the Guadiana River and nearby areas has made it possible to differentiate among zones with different benthic community compositions in response to their environmental conditions. Five main areas were established: upper, middle, and lower estuary, mouth, and coastal area, which could also be divided into shallower and deeper communities. Because of the nonexistence of any obvious contaminant element, it seems that the differences found among the marine, freshwater and estuarine environments were the reason for the communities’ heterogeneity. This was confirmed by multivariate analysis and by the clear enrichment and structuring gradient, from upper to coastal areas, in the communities

Influence Of The Density Of Caulerpa Prolifera (Chlorophyta) On The Composition Of The Macrofauna In A Meadow In Algeciras Bay (Southern Spain)

The coverage and biomass fluctuations of Caulerpa prolifera (Chlorophyta) were used to assess the influence of the alga on the composition of its associated animal community, on a small spatial scale.Bymeans of ordination analysis, based on species abundance, a series of groups, related to the different algal density recorded, were obtained: those stations with highest algal biomass (stations 1, 2 and 8) and the remaining stations (medium and low biomass). According to a canonical correspondence analysis, total algal biomass, coverage and percentage of organic matter explained the differences in the composition of the macrobenthic communities. The response of some species to the spatial distribution of the alga are also discussed. In conclusion, the patchiness of Caulerpa beds cause a high degree of heterogeneity in a spatially reduced system, suggesting the importance of these sites for the biodiversity in coastal ecosystemsLas fluctuaciones de biomasa y cobertura de Caulerpa prolifera (Chlorophyta) se utilizaron para estimar la influencia de la presencia del alga sobre la composición de la comunidad animal asociada, en una pequeña escala espacial. Por medio de análisis de ordenación, basados en la abundancia de las distintas especies, se han obtenido agrupaciones de estaciones relacionadas con la diferente densidad de alga. Fundamentalmente, se han diferenciado aquellos puntos con mayor biomasa algal (estaciones 1, 2 y 8) y el resto de las estaciones de muestreo (biomasa media o baja). De acuerdo con los resultados del análisis de correspondencias canónicas, la biomasa total de alga, la cobertura y el porcentaje de materia orgánica del sedimento son los factores que explican las diferencias en la composición de las comunidades de macrobentos. Se discuten las respuestas de diversas especies a la distribución espacial del alga. En definitiva, las discontinuidades de Caulerpa propician un alto grado de heterogeneidad en un sistema tan reducido espacialmente como éste, lo que pone de manifiesto la importancia de estos enclaves para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad en el sistema litoral

Influencia del gradiente ambiental sobre la distribución de las comunidades macrobentónicas del estuario del río Guadiana

El estudio efectuado a lo largo del cauce del río Guadiana y las áreas de influencia ha permitido establecer las zonas donde se desarrollan las distintas comunidades de macrofauna del sedimento como respuesta a las diversas condiciones ambientales. En este sentido, se han delimitado cinco grandes zonas: tramo alto, tramo medio, estuario bajo, desembocadura y área litoral, donde, a su vez, se distinguen las comunidades someras de las profundas. Ante la inexistencia de un elemento contaminante claro, parece que son las diferencias entre el medio marino, el fluvial y el estuarino las que están marcando las distintas composiciones de estas comunidades, como se pone de manifiesto en los análisis multivariantes realizados y por el gradiente de enriquecimiento y estructuración conforme se alcanza un ambiente de mayor influencia marina

Influence of some enviromental factors on the structure and distribution of the rocky shore macrobenthic communities in the Bay of Gibraltar: preliminary results.

The Bay of Gibraltar contains a high biological diversity which is conditioned by a suite of both biotic and abiotic factors of natural origin.However, the Bay is also subjected toa variety of anthropic impacts which have a considerable effect on the marine biota. The rocky littoral is particular!y useful in environmental monitoring programmes as it is easily accessible and amenable to sampling, and the sessile nature ofthe majority of the species make long-term monitoring relatively simple. In this study we compare data obtained for a number of environmental variables using a range of statistical methods to the community data obtained at six sites inside the Bay and two sites immediately outside, one to the East and another to the West. The results of these preliminary analyses indicate that, within the range of environmental parameters measured, small and intermediate-scale natural variables such as microtopography and exposure to wave action are important. However, within the Bay, the effects of urban and agricultura) effluents and associated variables assume a greater role in the structuring of these intertidal communities.La Bahía de Gibraltar contiene una alta riqueza biológica que se ve condicionada por factores bióticos y abióticos de origen natural. Sin embargo, la Bahía también sufre una gran variedad de actividades antrópicas que afectan a la biota marina de manera considerable. El litoral rocoso es relativamente accesible y sencillo de muestrear, y es un ecosistema muy útil para estudiar el posible efecto de estas alteraciones, pues las especies son generalmente sésiles y la composición y estructura de sus comunidades reflejan su historia

An illustrated key to the soft-bottom caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) of the Iberian Peninsula and remarks to their ecological distribution along the Andalusian coast

The soft-bottom caprellids of the Iberian Peninsula are revised. Nineteen species have been reported so far, 42 % being endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. The lateral view of all of them is provided, together with an illustrated key for all the species. An ecological study was also conducted during 2007–2010 along the Andalusian coast to explore the relationships of caprellids with abiotic data. A total of 90 stations (0–40 m deep) were sampled and 40 contained caprellids. Along the Atlantic, caprellids were present in only 20 % of the stations, while along the Mediterranean coast, caprellids were present in the 75 % of the sampling sites. Furthermore, the abundance of caprel lids was also higher in the Mediterranean coast. The dominant species was Pseudolirius kroyeri (present in 24 stations and showing the highest abundances with 1,780 ind/m2 ), followed by Phtisica marina (22 stations) and Pariambus typicus (11 stations). According to CCA and BIO-ENV, sediment type, P, pH and oxygen were the parameters that better explained the distribution of caprellids. Although the three dominant species were found in all types of sediment, the univariate approach showed that P. kroyeri was significantly more abundant in fine sediments (silt–clay and very fine sands) than in gross sediments (coarse and very coarse sands). The majority of studies dealing with caprellids from the Iberian Peninsula have been focused on shallow waters and further efforts are needed to explore biodiversity of deeper areas