New α-pyrone and phthalide from the Xylariaceae fungus

<div><p>A new α-pyrone xylaripyrone A (<b>1</b>) and a new phthalide xylariphthalide A (<b>2</b>) were isolated from the Xylariaceae fungus (no. 63-19-7-3), along with four related known phthalides (<b>3</b>–<b>6</b>): 4-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-7-methoxy-6-methyl-1(3<i>H</i>)-isobenzofuranone (<b>3</b>), convolvulol (<b>4</b>), 7-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-3<i>H</i>-isobenzofuran-1-one (<b>5</b>), and convolvulanic acid B (<b>6</b>). Their structures were determined on the basis of IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopic analyses.</p></div

Nodulisporipyrones A–D, new bioactive α-pyrone derivatives from <i>Nodulisporium</i> sp.

<div><p>Four new α-pyrone derivatives, nodulisporipyrones A–D (<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>), were isolated from the extract of an endolichenic fungal strain <i>Nodulisporium</i> sp. (65-12-7-1) that was fermented with rice. The structures of <b>1</b>–<b>4</b> were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by modified Mosher's method and electronic circular dichroism experiments. Their antimicrobial activities against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> 209P, <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC0111, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> R330, and <i>Candida albicans</i> FIM709 were evaluated using a paper disk diffusion method. Nodulisporipyrones A–D (<b>1</b>–<b>4</b>) are the first α-pyrone derivatives from <i>Nodulisporium</i> fungi.</p></div