Propagation of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos through the Earth

The dispersion relation in matter of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos above the pole of the $W$ resonance (E_{\nu} \gsim {\rm 10}^{7} {\rm GeV} ), is studied. We perform our calculation using the real-time formulation of Thermal Field Theory in which the massless limit for the $W$ boson is taken. The range of active-to-sterile neutrino oscillation parameters for which there is significant mixing enhancement during propagation through the interior of the Earth, and therefore significant attenuation of neutrino beams in the Earth at high energies, is estimated. Finally, this range is considered in view of the cosmological and astrophysical constraints.Comment: 8 pages, some comments and references added, to appear in Phys. Lett.

Sleeping Mindfully

Insomnia is a disorder of hyperarousal that affects up to 30% of adults. Insomnia is based on cognitive dysfunction that causes us to worry and neuroendocrine factors that upregulate our autonomic nervous system. Studies have shown that just 10 minutes of daily mindfulness practice can improve sleep. Mindfulness is able to work at the root of both causes of insomnia. It improves our ability to relax through increasing attentional factors that impart control over stress hormones and helps reduce ruminative thoughts.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fmclerk/1520/thumbnail.jp

The Physics Role and Potential of future Atmospheric Detectors

We discuss the physics capabilities of basic types of future atmospheric detectors being considered at present, with their strengths and limitations, and compare them with those of long baseline (LBL) experiments. We also argue that recent studies signal the importance of synergistically combining complementary features of both these classes of experiments in order to accrue maximum benefit towards furthering our goal of building a complete picture of neutrino properties and parameters.Comment: Based on a Plenary Talk at NUFACT 09, Chicago; 10 pages, 6 figure

Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or NHL, is the predominant category of lymphoma. NHL is a type of lymphoid hematopoietic malignancy which approximately 70,000 Americans are diagnosed with annually, with the number of diagnoses growing annually. For decades, chemotherapy was the standard treatment of care, but since the discovery in 1997, monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used as an alternate form of therapy. Nonetheless, almost 20,000 Americans succumb to NHL annually, which highlights the translational gap between preclinical research and the market. Although a lot of progress has been made in therapy options by immunotherapy and combination chemotherapy, the ingenuity of nanomedicine may bridge the translational difficulties while serving as a novel form of therapy capable of eradicating solid tumors. The versatility of nanoparticles allows for personalized approach to NHL, as opposed to generalized medicine, since the subtypes of lymphoma are pathologically very different from one another

Atmospheric neutrinos as a probe of eV^2-scale active-sterile oscillations

The down-going atmospheric \nu_{\mu} and {\bar{\nu_{\mu}}} fluxes can be significantly altered due to the presence of eV^2-scale active-sterile oscillations. We study the sensitivity of a large Liquid Argon detector and a large magnetized iron detector (like the proposed ICAL at INO) to these oscillations. Such oscillations are indicated by results from LSND, and more recently, from MiniBooNE and from reanalyses of reactor experiments following recent recalculations of reactor fluxes. There are other tentative indications of the presence of sterile states in both the \nu and {\bar{\nu}} sectors as well. Using the allowed sterile parameter ranges in a 3+1 mixing framework in order to test these results, we perform a fit assuming active-sterile oscillations in both the muon neutrino and antineutrino sectors, and compute oscillation exclusion limits using atmospheric down-going muon neutrino and anti-neutrino events. We find that (for both \nu_{\mu} and {\bar{\nu_{\mu}}}) a Liquid Argon detector, an ICAL-like detector or a combined analysis of both detectors with an exposure of 1 Mt yr provides significant sensitivity to regions of parameter space in the range 0.1 < \Delta m^2 < 5 eV^2 for \sin^2 2\Theta_{\mu\mu}\geq 0.08. Thus atmospheric neutrino experiments can provide complementary coverage in these regions, improving sensitivity limits in combination with bounds from other experiments on these parameters. We also analyse the bounds using muon antineutrino events only and compare them with the results from MiniBooNE.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. Major revisions, analysis of Liquid Argon detector added. Version to appear in Physical Review D (Brief Reports