3,453 research outputs found
Geometrical, electronic and magnetic properties of NaCoO from first principles
We report a first-principles projector augmented wave (PAW) study on
NaCoO. With the sodium ion ordered insulating phase being
identified in experiments, pure density functional calculations fail to predict
an insulating ground state, which indicates that Na ordering alone can not
produce accompanying Co charge ordering, if additional correlation is not
properly considered. At this level of theory, the most stable phase presents
ferromagnetic ordering within the CoO layer and antiferromagnetic coupling
between these layers. When the on-site Coulomb interaction for Co 3d orbitals
is included by an additional Hubbard parameter , charge ordered insulating
ground state can be obtained. The effect of on-site interaction magnitude on
electronic structure is studied. At a moderate value of (4.0 eV for
example), the ground state is antiferromagnetic, with a Co magnetic
moment about 1.0 and a magnetic energy of 0.12 eV/Co. The
rehybridization process is also studied in the DFT+U point of view.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure
XMM-Newton observation of the ULIRG NGC 6240: The physical nature of the complex Fe K line emission
We report on an XMM-Newton observation of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy
NGC 6240. The 0.3-10 keV spectrum can be successfully modelled with: (i) three
collisionally ionized plasma components with temperatures of about 0.7, 1.4,
and 5.5 keV; (ii) a highly absorbed direct power-law component; and (iii) a
neutral Fe K_alpha and K_beta line. We detect a significant neutral column
density gradient which is correlated with the temperature of the three plasma
components. Combining the XMM-Newton spectral model with the high spatial
resolution Chandra image we find that the temperatures and the column densities
increase towards the center.
With high significance, the Fe K line complex is resolved into three distinct
narrow lines: (i) the neutral Fe K_alpha line at 6.4 keV; (ii) an ionized line
at about 6.7 keV; and (iii) a higher ionized line at 7.0 keV (a blend of the Fe
XXVI and the Fe K_beta line). While the neutral Fe K line is most probably due
to reflection from optically thick material, the Fe XXV and Fe XXVI emission
arises from the highest temperature ionized plasma component.
We have compared the plasma parameters of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy
NGC 6240 with those found in the local starburst galaxy NGC 253. We find a
striking similarity in the plasma temperatures and column density gradients,
suggesting a similar underlying physical process at work in both galaxies.Comment: 8 pages including 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&
Magnetoelectric effects in heavy-fermion superconductors without inversion symmetry
We investigate effects of strong electron correlation on magnetoelectric
transport phenomena in noncentrosymmetric superconductors with particular
emphasis on its application to the recently discovered heavy-fermion
superconductor CePtSi. Taking into account electron correlation effects in
a formally exact way, we obtain the expression of the magnetoelectric
coefficient for the Zeeman-field-induced paramagnetic supercurrent, of which
the existence was predicted more than a decade ago. It is found that in
contrast to the usual Meissner current, which is much reduced by the mass
renormalization factor in the heavy-fermion state, the paramagnetic
supercurrent is not affected by the Fermi liquid effect. This result implies
that the experimental observation of the magnetoelectric effect is more
feasible in heavy-fermion systems than that in conventional metals with
moderate effective mass.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, minor correction
The Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks Around Millisecond Pulsars: The PSR 1257 +12 System
We model the evolution of protoplanetary disks surrounding millisecond
pulsars, using PSR 1257+12 as a test case. Initial conditions were chosen to
correspond to initial angular momenta expected for supernova-fallback disks and
disks formed from the tidal disruption of a companion star. Models were run
under two models for the viscous evolution of disks: fully viscous and layered
accretion disk models. Supernova-fallback disks result in a distribution of
solids confined to within 1-2 AU and produce the requisite material to form the
three known planets surrounding PSR 1257+12. Tidal disruption disks tend to
slightly underproduce solids interior to 1 AU, required for forming the pulsar
planets, while overproducing the amount of solids where no body, lunar mass or
greater, exists. Disks evolving under 'layered' accretion spread somewhat less
and deposit a higher column density of solids into the disk. In all cases,
circumpulsar gas dissipates on year timescales, making
formation of gas giant planets highly unlikely.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journal (September 20, 2007 issue
Disc-Jet coupling in the LMXB 4U1636-53 from INTEGRAL
We report on the spectral analysis results of the neutron star, atoll type,
low mass X-ray Binary 4U1636-53 observed by INTEGRAL and BeppoSAX satellites.
Spectral behavior in three different epochs corresponding to three different
spectral states has been deeply investigated. Two data set spectra show a
continuum well described by one or two soft blackbody plus a Comptonized
components with changes in the Comptonizing electrons and black body
temperature and the accretion rates, which are typical of the spectral
transitions from high to low state. In one occasion INTEGRAL spectrum shows,
for first time in this source, a hard tail dominating the emission above 30
keV. The total spectrum is fitted as the sum of a Comptonized component similar
to soft state and a power-law component (Gamma=2.76), indicating the presence
of a non thermal electron distribution of velocities. In this case, a
comparison with hard tails detected in soft states from neutron stars systems
and some black hole binaries suggests that a similar mechanism could originate
these components in both cases.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. accepted Ap
Kondo Problem and Related One-Dimensional Quantum Systems: Bethe Ansatz Solution and Boundary Conformal Field Theory
We review some exact results on Kondo impurity systems derived from
Bethe-ansatz solutions and boundary conformal field theory with particular
emphasis on universal aspects of the phenomenon. The finite-size spectra
characterizing the low-energy fixed point are computed from the Bethe-ansatz
solutions of various models related to the Kondo problem. Using the finite-size
scaling argument, we investigate their exact critical properties. We also
discuss that a universal relation between the Kondo effect and the impurity
effect in one-dimensional quantum systems usefully expedites our understanding
of these different phenomena.Comment: 6 pages, no figure
Testing the Collective Properties of Small-World Networks through Roughness Scaling
Motivated by a fundamental synchronization problem in scalable parallel
computing and by a recent criterion for ``mean-field'' synchronizability in
interacting systems, we study the Edwards-Wilkinson model on two variations of
a small-worldnetwork. In the first version each site has exactly one random
link of strength , while in the second one each site on average has
links of unit strength. We construct a perturbative description for the width
of the stationary-state surface (a measure of synchronization), in the weak-
and sparse-coupling limits, respectively, and verify the results by performing
exact numerical diagonalization. The width remains finite in both cases, but
exhibits anomalous scaling with in the latter for .Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Low-Mass Star Formation, Triggered by Supernova in Primordial Clouds
The evolution of a gas shell, swept by the supernova remnant of a massive
first generation star, is studied with H_2 and HD chemistry taken into account.
When a first-generation star explodes as a supernova, H_2 and HD molecules are
formed in the swept gas shell and effectively cool the gas shell to
temperatures of 32 K - 154 K. If the supernova remnant can sweep to gather the
ambient gas, the gas shell comes to be dominated by its self-gravity, and
hence, is expected to fragment. Our result shows that for a reasonable range of
temperatures (200 K - 1000 K) of interstellar gas, the formation of
second-generation stars can be triggered by a single supernova or hypernova.Comment: 38pages, 10 figures, The Astrophysical Journal, accepted 8 Dec. 200
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