Adipose-derived regenerative cells exert beneficial effects on systemic responses following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion

Background: Acute coronary syndrome leads to systemic responses, including activation of the sympathetic nervous system, inflammation of atherosclerotic lesions, changes in metabolism and gene expressions of remote organs such as the spleen, bone marrow, and liver. Clinical trials and experimental studies have demonstrated that therapy with adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of ADRCs in regulating systemic reactions following I/R.Methods: Isolated ADRCs were obtained from green fluorescent protein transgenic male mice. Flow cytometry revealed that freshly isolated ADRCs expressed stem cell markers CD90 and Sca-1, and mesenchymal lineage marker. These cells exhibited multilineage differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Wild-type mice were subjected to 30 min of left ascending coronary ischemia and 24 h reperfusion. Freshly isolated ADRCs (105 cells) or vehicle (VEH), were administered intravenously through the tail at the time of reperfusion.Results: Compared to VEH, administration of ADRCs significantly reduced circulating troponin levels 24 h after I/R. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, the present study confirms that I/R-induced increase of factor X mRNA expression in the liver and was significantly inhibited by ADRCs compared to VEH. Administration of ADRCs significantly reduced the I/R-induced increase in serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-18 seen in mice receiving VEH.Conclusions: These results suggest that administration of ADRCs could have an important role in reducing myocardial injury and regulating the hepatic gene expression profile following I/R

Non-destructive separation of metal ions from wastewater containing excess aminopolycarboxylate chelant in solution with an ion-selective immobilized macrocyclic material

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系Although the excellent metal-binding capacities of aminopolycarboxylate chelants (APCs) facilitate their extensive use, pre- and post-toxicity of APCs and their high persistence in aquatic environments evoke concerns. Several treatment techniques with a principal focus on the degradation of APCs at the pre-release step have been proposed. Here, we report a technique for the separation of metal ions from waste solution containing excess APCs using a solid phase extraction system with an ion-selective immobilized macrocyclic material, commonly known as a molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel. Synthetic metal solutions with 100-fold chelant content housed in H2O matrices were used as samples. The MRT gel showed a higher recovery rate compared with other SPE materials at 20 °C using a flow rate of 0.2 mL min-1. The effects of solution pH, metal-chelant stability constants and ionic radii were assessed for 32 metals. Compared to the conventional treatment options for such waste solutions, our proposed technique has the advantage of non-destructive separation of both metal ions and chelants. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Separation of dissolved iron from the aqueous system with excess ligand

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系A new technique for the separation and pre-concentration of dissolved Fe(III) from the ligand-rich aqueous system is proposed. A solid phase extraction (SPE) system with an immobilized macrocyclic material, commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel and available commercially, was used. Synthetic Fe(III) solution in aqueous matrices spiked with a 100-fold concentration of EDTA was used. Dissolved iron that was \u27captured\u27 by the MRT gel was eluted using hydrochloric acid and subsequently determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of different variables, such as pH, reagent concentration, flow rate and interfering ions, on the recovery of analyte was investigated. Quantitative maximum separation (~100%) of the dissolved Fe(III) from synthetic aqueous solutions at a natural pH range was observed at a flow rate of 0.2mLmin-1. The extraction efficiency of the MRT gel is largely unaltered by the coexisting ions commonly found in natural water. When compared with different SPE materials, the separation performance of MRT gel is also much higher. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Determination of lead in solution by solid phase extraction, elution, and spectrophotometric detection using 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol

Lead (+2) was selectively adsorbed on a solid phase extraction (SPE) gel (molecular recognition technology, MRT), quantitatively extracted, and spectrophotometrically determined as the Pb(II)-PAR (4-(2-pyridylazo)- resorcinol) complex. The linear range was 0.01 to 0.75 mg L-1 and the detection limit was 6.4 μg L-1. The MRT-SPE allows selective Pb(II) extraction from complex ion-rich matrices, which is difficult with other techniques. Interference from common matrix ions such as Fe2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ or Co2+ is minimized. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2013 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien

Separated right and left ventricular excitation during right ventricular septal pacing in a patient with narrow QRS wave: A case report

Introduction. Right ventricular septal pacing is thought to be better than right ventricular apical pacing for shortening the QRS duration and for preserving left ventricular function. However, right ventricular septal pacing may not be effective in all cases. In this case report, we present a rare case in which right ventricular septal pacing induced thoroughly separated right and left ventricular excitation despite the presence of a relatively narrow QRS wave during atrium-only pacing. Case presentation. We report a case of 63-year-old Japanese man with cardiomyopathy with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement for ventricular tachycardia. Three years after implantation, he developed second-degree atrio-ventricular block. Therefore, atrio-ventricular sequential pacing was started; then his heart failure was much worsened. His electrocardiogram showed a dissociated biphasic QRS wave during right ventricular high-septal pacing, despite the presence of a non-fragmented QRS morphology during atrium-only pacing. An activation map during right ventricular high-septal pacing showed that right ventricular conduction started at the pacing site and ended at the right ventricular basal inferior site. Subsequently after a 10ms interval, left ventricular conduction started at the left ventricular posteroseptum and ended at the left ventricular lateral wall. These data indicate that during right ventricular high-septal pacing, the first component of the QRS wave supposedly reflects only right ventricular excitation and the second component only left ventricular excitation. Also due to the intracardiac electrograms, it was assumed that this phenomenon was caused by transversely limited severe transseptal conduction disturbance. Conclusion: It should be noted that even ventricular septal pacing could evoke harmful interventricular dyssynchrony due to transversely limited severe septal conduction disturbance, despite the presence of a relatively narrow QRS wave. © 2014 Yaegashi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Selective separation of arsenic species from aqueous solutions with immobilized macrocyclic material containing solid phase extraction columns

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系A combination of solid phase extraction (SPE) columns was used for selective separation of water-soluble arsenic species: arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). The SPE columns, namely AnaLig TE-01 (TE-01), AnaLig AN-01 Si (AN-01) and AnaLig As-01 PA (As-01), contain immobilized macrocyclic material as the sorbent and commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel. The retention, extraction and recovery behavior of the MRT gel SPE columns were studied at pH 4-10. Fortified deionized water spiked with 100μM of arsenic species were treated at the flow rate of 0.2mLmin-1. HNO3 (1.0 and 6.0M) was used as eluent to recover the retained arsenic species from TE-01 and AN-01 SPE columns. Arsenic species retained in the As-01 column were eluted with HNO3 (0.1M) followed by NaOH (2.0M). Likely interference from the various coexisting ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, CH3COO-, PO43-, SO42-, ClO4-) (10mM) were negligible. Quantitative separation of As(III), As(V), MMA and DMA was achieved based on the differences in extraction and recovery behavior of the MRT gel SPE columns with pH for different arsenic species. Complexation between arsenic species and MRT gel is the core phenomenon of the proposed technique as the complexation of MRT gels is expected to be stronger than the resin-based separation processes. MRT gel SPE columns are advantageous as compared with other reported SPE columns in terms of its performance with As(III). Effortless regeneration and unaltered separation performance of the sorbent materials for more than 100 loading and elution cycles are other sturdy characteristics to consider the MRT gel SPE columns for sensitive and selective arsenic species separation. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Selective Separation of Tri- and Pentavalent Arsenic in Aqueous Matrix with a Macrocycle-Immobilized Solid-Phase Extraction System

A simple flow-based method was developed for the selective separation of arsenic species (+3 and +5) using a macrocycle-immobilized solid phase extraction (SPE) system, commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel. Arsenic species in solution or in the eluent were subsequently quantified with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The separation behaviors of As(III) and As(V) on MRT-SPE were investigated. It was found that As(V) can be selectively collected on the SPE system within the range of pH 4 to 9, while As(III) was passed through the MRT-SPE. The retention capacity of the MRT-SPE material for As(V) was found to be 0.25 ± 0.04 mmol g-1. The detection limit of the method for As(V) was 0.06 μg L-1, and the relative standard deviation was 2.9 % (n = 10, C = 1 μmol L-1). Interference from the matrix ions was studied. In order to validate the developed method, certified reference materials of effluent wastewater and groundwater samples were analyzed, and the determined values were in good agreement with the certified values. The proposed method was successfully applied to the speciation analysis of tri- and pentavalent arsenic in natural water samples showing satisfactory recoveries (≥ 98.7 %). © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

Selective recovery of indium from the etching waste solution of the flat-panel display fabrication process

The waste byproducts from the indium-consuming fabrication processes are considered as the viable resource for indium due to the unique preference to the element in designing optoelectronic devices. The present work introduces a new technique for the selective recovery of indium from the etching waste, which produced during the patterning of indium tin oxide (ITO) layer on the flat-panel displays. The process includes the application of a solid phase extraction (SPE) assembly, known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel, consisting of a metal-selective ligand immobilized to silica gel or polymer substrates. The samples were the real solution of etching waste from the liquid-crystal display fabrication process, and the simulated waste solution prepared using the commercially available etching solution composition containing ethanedioic acid. The retention and the corresponding indium recovery rate (%) were the key characteristics for the appraisal of MRT-SPE types: AnaLig TE 02 (TE 02), AnaLig TE 03, AnaLig TE 07, AnaLig TE 13 and AnaLig PM 02. The other conclusive factors were the influence of ion intensity in solution and the interfering effects from tin, the co-content element in the ITO-formulation. The TE 02 MRT-SPE came across all the requisite aspects for the selective recovery of indium from the etching effluent. The indium retention or recovery with TE 02 MRT-SPE from the real etching waste solution was in the range of 97 to 99% with the relative standard deviation of <4.4%. The separation of the ITO co-element tin from the waste mixture was successively selective, and thereby minimizes the possibility of interference. A three-step elution with 0.3molL-1 HNO3, 6molL-1 HCl and 1molL-1 HCl/10mmolL-1 EDTA was required to accomplish the sequential selectivity in the process. The indium retention capacity of the TE 02 MRT-SPE was 0.147mmolg-1. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

A silica gel-bound macrocycle system for the selective separation of toxic cadmium from metal-affluent aqueous matrix

Selective separation of cadmium(II) on a macrocycle immobilized solid phase extraction (SPE) system namely AnaLig Cd-01, and commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel, have been examined. The MRT-SPE able to retain the cadmium from the metal-affluent aqueous matrix at the pH range of 2 to 8, and the captured species can be recovered via elution with 1 and 6 M HNO3. Besides the effects of solution pH and eluent concentration, the impacts of sample loading flow rates and coexisting matrix ions were also investigated and optimized. The Cd(II) retention capacity of the MRT-SPE was 0.26 mmol g-1, and it can be reused for more than 100 loading and elution cycles. The Cd(II) recovery attained from the metal-spiked natural waters was satisfactory (95.3-98.1%). However, the Cd(II) retention ability of the MRT-SPE was significantly decreased when excess of chelant remain in the aqueous waste matrix. © 2012 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien

Separation of lead from high matrix electroless nickel plating waste solution using an ion-selective immobilized macrocycle system

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系Separation of trace levels of lead from concentrated-matrix electroless nickel plating (ENP) waste solutions is required to meet the increasingly stringent environmental regulations. A solid phase extraction (SPE) system using a molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel was used for the selective separation of trace levels of lead (Pb) from the waste discharge of ENP operations, followed by subsequent analysis with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Two SPE-MRTs, AnaLig® Pb-01 and AnaLig® Pb-02, packed in 3 mL polypropylene cartridges were used to treat the synthetic metal-waste solutions that were used to simulate the typical metal mixture in ENP bath waste. The fortified solutions contained 100-1000 μg L- 1 of Pb in an HNO3 matrix with pre-added Ni, Cu and other interfering elements (1000 mg L- 1). After the sample treatment, the SPE-MRT cartridges were washed with water and 0.1 M nitric acid, followed by elution with 0.03 M EDTA. The matrix elements (e.g., Ni, Cu) were completely removed at the washing step, while the \u27captured\u27 Pb was quantitatively eluted, as determined by ICP-OES measurements. The detection limit of the proposed method was 2.6 μg L- 1. \u27Real\u27 samples from commercial ENP operations were used to assess the validity of this method, and almost quantitative Pb recovery was observed. The excellent Pb selectivity of the SPE-MRT system indicates the potential of the proposed technique for trace-level Pb separation from the Pb-containing high matrix aqueous waste discharge. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved