Rehabilitation of soft tissue injuries of the hip and pelvis

Soft tissue injuries of the hip and pelvis are common among athletes and can result in significant time loss from sports participation. Rehabilitation of athletes with injuries such as adductor strain, iliopsoas syndrome, and gluteal tendinopathy starts with identification of known risk factors for injury and comprehensive evaluation of the entire kinetic chain. Complex anatomy and overlapping pathologies often make it difficult to determine the primary cause of the pain and dysfunction. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to present an impairment-based, stepwise progression in evaluation and treatment of several common soft tissue injuries of the hip and pelvis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5

PCA Tomography and its application to nearby galactic nuclei

With the development of modern technologies such as IFUs, it is possible to obtain data cubes in which one produces images with spectral resolution. To extract information from them can be quite complex, and hence the development of new methods of data analysis is desirable. We briefly describe a method of analysis of data cubes (data from single field observations, containing two spatial and one spectral dimension) that uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to express the data in the form of reduced dimensionality, facilitating efficient information extraction from very large data sets. We applied the method, for illustration purpose, to the central region of the low ionization nuclear emission region (LINER) galaxy NGC 4736, and demonstrate that it has a type 1 active nucleus, not known before. Furthermore, we show that it is displaced from the centre of its stellar bulge.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, to be published in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium no. 26

Care Of The Young Coffee Orchard

Revised 11.86(750

Time-of-Flight Pulsed Neutron Diffraction of Pd_<0.8>-Si_<0.2> Amorphous Alloy Using the Electron Linac

The structure factor S(Q) of Pd_-Si_ amorphous alloy was measured over wide range of Q (=4π sin θ/λ) up to 40 A^ by time-of-flight neutron diffraction using pulsed epithermal-neutron generated from the Tohoku University electron linac. The S(Q) has definitely shown an oscillation even in range of Q≳25 A^. The 1st peak of the pair distribution function Fourier transformed from the S(Q) has been split into two sub-peaks at the position of 2.42 and 2.81 A. Combining the neutron result with the X-ray result, the 1st sub-peak was verified to correspond to Pd-Si pair and the 2nd sub-peak the mixture of Pd-Pd pair and Pd-Si pair where Pd atom was substituted with Si atom. The average numbers of the nearest neighbour atoms around the Pd atom at origin are 1.7 Si atoms in the 1st sub-peak and 10.7 Pd and 1.5 Si atoms in the 2nd sub-peak. There may be no Si-Si pair with the nearest interatomic distance in the alloy. Such a relation for atom-atom pairs is found in the crystalline Pd_3Si compound, too. The liquid structure of the alloy was also measured and concluded to be essentially close to the amorphous structure except more blurring of peaks

Structural Insights into Differences in Drug-binding Selectivity between Two Forms of Human α1-Acid Glycoprotein Genetic Variants, the A and F1*S Forms

Human α1-acid glycoprotein (hAGP) in serum functions as a carrier of basic drugs. In most individuals, hAGP exists as a mixture of two genetic variants, the F1*S and A variants, which bind drugs with different selectivities. We prepared a mutant of the A variant, C149R, and showed that its drug-binding properties were indistinguishable from those of the wild type. In this study, we determined the crystal structures of this mutant hAGP alone and complexed with disopyramide (DSP), amitriptyline (AMT), and the nonspecific drug chlorpromazine (CPZ). The crystal structures revealed that the drug-binding pocket on the A variant is located within an eight-stranded β-barrel, similar to that found in the F1*S variant and other lipocalin family proteins. However, the binding region of the A variant is narrower than that of the F1*S variant. In the crystal structures of complexes with DSP and AMT, the two aromatic rings of each drug interact with Phe-49 and Phe-112 at the bottom of the binding pocket. Although the structure of CPZ is similar to those of DSP and AMT, its fused aromatic ring system, which is extended in length by the addition of a chlorine atom, appears to dictate an alternative mode of binding, which explains its nonselective binding to the F1*S and A variant hAGPs. Modeling experiments based on the co-crystal structures suggest that, in complexes of DSP, AMT, or CPZ with the F1*S variant, Phe-114 sterically hinders interactions with DSP and AMT, but not CPZ. © 2011 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc

CHANGES IN FORCE-LENGTH RELATIONSHIP OF TRICEPS SURAE MUSCLES AFTER REPEATED ECCENTRIC-CONCENTRIC EXERCISES

INTRODUCTION: Postexercise muscle soreness develops gradually 24 to 48 hours after an eccentric exercise. The prolonged reduction of maximal voluntary force also occurs after eccentric exercise (Nosaka et al, 1991). The reduction in maximal force is thought to be due to peripheral muscle damage derived by eccentric lengthening, but the exact mechanisms are yet to be discovered. One possibility of the reduction in force is the shifting of the optimal length for force production (Prasartwuth et al. 2006). In this study we tested this possibility for the human triceps surae muscles

Effects of Joint-Fixing on the Velocity of the Racket Head in the Tennis Serve

The velocity of the racket head in a tennis serve is one of the significant factors in a match. The fastest velocity of the racket head before impact may be performed by the appropriate sequence of segmental rotations. Anderson (1979) and Miyashita et al. (1980) reported that there was a close relationship between the muscular activities patterning in the overarm throw and the tennis serve. Elliott (1983) observed the movement pattern for the power serve in tennis using kinematic data. However, there were no reports concerning effects of joint fixing on the velocity of the racket head in a tennis serve. The purpose of this study was first to investigate the serving motion in tennis by means of a kinematic method. Second, it was to more clearly define the appropriate sequence of segmental rotations employed