Nitrogen Evolution during Fast Pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge under Inert and Reductive Atmospheres

The influence of atmospheres on the product distribution and behaviors of nitrogen evolution during fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) was investigated in a drop-tube quartz reactor. The results indicated that H₂ improved the formation of gas products and gave a relatively low tar yield in comparison to an inert atmosphere. The char N yield obtained under a H₂ atmosphere is lower than that under an Ar atmosphere. Above 500 °C, H₂ further promoted the conversion of nitrogenous compounds to NH₃. The HCN yield was low under all conditions. The decomposition of nitrogenous substances in SS produced more amine N, nitrile N, and heterocyclic N under a H₂ atmosphere. The synergistic effect of a reductive atmosphere and high temperature promoted the thermal decomposition of more difficult-to-cleave N-containing heterocycles, such as piperidines, pyrroles, and pyridines. This study provides a better and deep understanding of the nitrogen transformations during fast pyrolysis of SS under a reductive atmosphere, which would benefit the environmental protection and sustainable clean use of SS

Additional file 3: of Follow-up of the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC) and biobank management from 2011 to 2017 in China

Table S2. Summary of the number of samples deposited in the biobank obtained from the heavy-metal cohort (MEWHC) initiated in 2011. (PDF 89 kb

Additional file 1: of Follow-up of the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC) and biobank management from 2011 to 2017 in China

Table S1. Air monitoring of different workshops and jobs in the ferro-Mn alloy production plant in 2017. (PDF 107 kb

Additional file 2: of Follow-up of the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC) and biobank management from 2011 to 2017 in China

Supplementary information for the biobank of the MEWHC. (PDF 398 kb