Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) of the bacterial diversity in skin in Standard and Proposed methods.

<p>Methods are labelled B for Bacterial Enrichment extraction and T for Total DNA extraction.</p

Comparison of the relative abundance of bacteria in skin metagenomic samples.

<p>454 reads were split by taxonomy at class level. Relative abundance was log transformed to reduce the drastic differences among taxa assignation. Samples A (red) and B (blue) are faced by taxa, to facilitate the comparison.</p

Correlation plots of the ancestry proportions at k = 4 in the ADMIXTURE analysis comparing autosomes and X-chromosome SNPs.

<p>North African, sub-Saharan, Middle Eastern, and European ancestry proportions are shown in different plots. Solid black lines represent linear correlations between autosomal and X-chromosome components.</p

Metagenomic profiles of Skin metagenomes, split by taxa.

<p>Classification was made first by taxonomic assignation using PhymmBL, and then functional classification was based on EggNOG using HMM classification. Counts were normalized by sample and taxa using log transformation. The color gradient indicates the level of representation for that taxa. Hierarchical clustering was performed by function and taxon.</p

Geographic location of the Algerian samples genotyped in the present study (in red) and the samples obtained from the literature (in yellow).

<p>Geographic location of the Algerian samples genotyped in the present study (in red) and the samples obtained from the literature (in yellow).</p

Y chromosome Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in the Algerian samples.

<p>*** P<0.0001</p><p>* P<0.05; ns: not significant</p><p>North = Algiers, Oran, Tizi Ouzou</p><p>South = Mozabite, Reguibate, Zenata</p><p>Arabs = Reguibate, Algiers, Oran</p><p>Berbers = Zenata, Mozabite, Tizi Ouzou</p><p>^# Arabs without the Reguibate</p><p>Y chromosome Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in the Algerian samples.</p

Bidimensional plots based on uniparental genomes.

<p>PC analyses based on haplogroup data for Y-chromosome and mtDNA; and MDS analyses based on Y-STR haplotype data and on mtDNA sequence data. Abbreviations: ALG/ALG1: Algiers (this study), ALG2: Algiers (Y-chromosome; [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138453#pone.0138453.ref010" target="_blank">10</a>]), ORN1: Oran (present study), ORN2: Oran (Y-chromosome, [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138453#pone.0138453.ref021" target="_blank">21</a>]; mtDNA, [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138453#pone.0138453.ref017" target="_blank">17</a>]), RGB: Reguibate, ZNT: Zenata, MZB: Mozabite, TZO: Tizi Ouzou</p

mtDNA Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in the Algerian samples.

<p>*** P<0.0001; ns: not significant</p><p>North = Algiers, Oran (both)</p><p>South = Mozabite, Reguibate, Zenata</p><p>Arabs = Reguibate, Algiers, Oran1, Oran2</p><p>Berbers = Zenata, Mozabite</p><p>^# Arabs without the Reguibate</p><p>mtDNA Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in the Algerian samples.</p

Plots for the analysis of genome-wide SNPs.

<p>PC analysis (upper figures) based on autosomal data, and X-chromosome SNPs. ADMIXTURE proportions (bottom figures) at k = 2,3, and 4 based on autosomal data and X-chromosome SNPs. Algeria, stands for general Algerian sample [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138453#pone.0138453.ref003" target="_blank">3</a>]; Mozabite, stands for the Algerian Berber Mozabites [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138453#pone.0138453.ref032" target="_blank">32</a>]; and Zenata, stands for Algerian Berber Zenata (present study).</p

Clustering analysis of the k-mer abundance distribution.

<p>Comparison of the relative abundances of 6-mer in the different datasets using hierarchical clustering. As observed, the most likely conformation shows aggregation of <i>E. coli</i> with DS methodology, while <i>B. subtilis</i> is associated with MDA.</p