REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) Proceedings Parameter Estimation Errors In Buckingham's Grain Shearing Model

The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Research Laboratory Marine Geoacoustics Division Stennis Space Center, MS 39529 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER NRL/PP/7430-09-4 SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Office of Naval Research 800 North Quincy Street Arlington VA 22217-5000 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) ONR SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 0-933957-38-1 2009 MTS 20100212067 ABSTRACT Abstract-A compilation of 54 sets of geoacoustic measurements of marine sediments was reviewed in order to bound estimates of parameters for use in Buckingham's grain shearing (GS) theory of acoustic propagation. These data, for unconsolidated sands (siliciclastic and carbonate) with grain sizes between 0.01S6 mm and 0.57 mm, were all made in shallow water (maximum depth of 60 m) sites at diverse locales. In each data set, measurements of the speed and attenuation of the compressional wave at high frequency, the shear wave speed at 1 kHz, porosity, and bulk density are sufficient to calculate the three free parameters in GS theory (a material exponent, a compressional coefficient and a shear coefficient). The spread of the values calculated for GS parameters, combined with a sensitivity analysis, do not support the use of a single material exponent value for all sediments. Nor do they support the notion that the material exponent be 1, which would be the case if elastic and viscous forces at grain contacts are equal. Finally, it is suggested that, given the sensitivity to spot measurements, the GS parameters be estimated simultaneously from a full range of compressional and shear wave measurements. 228-688-4164 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) Abstract-A compilation of 54 sets of geoacoustic measurements of marine sediments was reviewed in order to bound estimates of parameters for use in Buckingham's grain shearing (GS) theory of acoustic propagation. These data, for unconsolidated sands (siliciclastic and carbonate) with grain sizes between 0.0156 mm and 0.57 mm, were all made in shallow water (maximum depth of 60 m) sites at diverse locales. In each data set, measurements of the speed and attenuation of the compressional wave at high frequency, the shear wave speed at 1 kHz, porosity, and bulk density are sufficient to calculate the three free parameters in GS theory (a material exponent, a compressional coefficient and a shear coefficient). The spread of the values calculated for GS parameters, combined with a sensitivity analysis, do not support the use of a single material exponent value for all sediments. Nor do they support the notion that the material exponent be 1, which would be the case if elastic and viscous forces at grain contacts are equal. Finally, it is suggested that, given the sensitivity to spot measurements, the GS parameters be estimated simultaneously from a full range of compressional and shear wave measurements

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army War College 122 Forbes Avenue Carlisle, PA 17013 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT DISTRIBUTION A: UNLIMITED SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACT This paper presents a series of recommendations on how best to organize and optimize the intelligence analysis effort to ensure the USIC remains competitive and relevant for years to come. Accelerated and pervasive technology changes, its effects on organizations and people, and the necessity to adapt and adopt new ways given this new technology landscape demand nothing short of a cultural transformation within the USIC. It is a transformation many private sector businesses have already undertaken, but one the USIC has not started due to cultural and policy barriers. The new technology landscape, which is characterized by an unprecedented use of mobile devices, on demand Internet computing, the convergence of communications, content, communities, and collaboration, as well as an increased emphasis of semantic integration of data to better support decision-making, has shifted knowledge creation power from institutions to groups and individuals, forcing organizations to move toward greater decentralization. Successful institutions have adapted to this new environment by constantly seeking a "mercurial sweet spot" along the centralized-decentralized organizational continuum. i Unfortunately, the Intelligence Community's proclivity toward greater centralization in spite of decentralizing technology advances prevents us from fully realizing our analytical network potential. SUBJECT TERM

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(Maximum 200 words) A parametric study is presented of the buckling behavior of infinitely long, symmetrically laminated anisotropic plates subjected to combined loadings. The loading conditions considered are axial tension and compression, transverse tension and compression, and shear. Results obtained using a special-purpose analysis, well-suited for parametric studies, are presented for clamped and simply supported plates. Moreover, results are presented for some common laminate constructions, and generic buckling design charts are presented for a wide range of parameters. The generic design charts are presented in terms of useful nondimensional parameters, and the dependence of the nondimensional parameters on laminate fiber orientation, stacking sequence, and material properties is discussed. An important finding of the study is that the effects of anisotropy are much more pronounced in shear-loaded plates than in compression-loaded plates. In addition, the effects of anisotropy ..

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(Maximum 200 words) One of the Grand Challenges of the Federal High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program is in remote exploration and experimentation (REE). The goal of the REE Project is to develop a space-borne computing technology base that will enable the next generation of missions to explore the Earth and the Solar System. This paper discusses an ongoing study that uses a recent development in communication control technology to implement hybrid hypercube structures. These architectures are similar to binary hypercubes, but they also provide added connectivity between the processors. This added connectivity increases communication reliability while decreasing the latency of interprocessor message passing. Because these factors directly determine the speed that can be obtained by multiprocessor systems, these architectures are attractive for applications such as REE, where high performance and ultrareliability are required. This paper describes and enumerates t..

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(Maximum 200 words) The transmission of large amounts of power in space by laser beam (diode lasers, in particular) requires an array of lasers to increase total power. Concentration of the beam requires some degree of coherence. Temporal coherence can be obtained by locking amplifiers to a master oscillator. However, spatial coherence is not so easily created or maintained. Many mechanical, thermal, and electrical factors oppose it continually. A very simple method is described for creating and maintaining a degree of spatial coherence by simply turning selected diodes ON or OFF. The degree of coherence can be chosen; the greater the coherence, the larger is the number of lasers required for a given power and the longer the lifetime of the array. An experiment for analyzing performance, verifying theory, and evaluating critical parameters is also proposed. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Phased arrays; Laser diodes 9 16. PRICE CODE A02 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURI..

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(Maximum 200 words) A laboratory experiment was conducted to quantify the annoyance response of people on the ground to en route noise generated by aircraft at cruise conditions. The en route noises were ground-level recordings of eight advanced turboprop aircraft flyovers and six conventional turbofan flyovers. The eight advanced turboprop en route noises represented the NASA Propfan Test Assessment aircraft operating at different combinations of altitude, aircraft Mach number, and propeller tip speed. The conventional turbofan en route noises represented six different commercial airliners. The overall durations of the en route noises varied from approximately 40 to 160 sec. In the experiment, 32 subjects judged the annoyance of the en route noises as well as recordings of both the takeoff and landing noises of each of 5 conventional turboprop and 5 conventional turbofan aircraft. Each of the noises was presented at three sound pressure levels to the subjects in an anechoic listening..

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(Maximum 200 words) An analysis of flight measurementsmade near a wake vortex was conducted to explore the feasibility of providing a pilot with useful wake-avoidance information. The measurements were made with relatively low-cost flow and motion sensors on a light airplane flying near the wake vortex of a turboprop airplane weighing approximately 90000 lb. Algorithms were developed which removed the response of the airplane to control inputs from the total airplane response and produced parameters which were due solely to the flow field of the vortex. These parameters were compared with values predicted by potential theory. The results indicated that the presence of the vortex could be detected by a combination of parameters derived from the simple sensors. However, the location and strength of the vortex cannot be determined without additional and more accurate sensors. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Wake vortex, Aircraft safety, and Airborne hazard detection 36 16. PRICE ..

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(Maximum 200 words) A theory for representing a parameter-dependent function as a function trajectory is described, along with the theory for determining a piecewise analytic fit to the trajectory. An example is given that illustrates the application of the theory to generating a smooth surface through a discrete set of input cross-section shapes. A simple procedure for smoothing in the parameter direction is presented, along with a computed example. Application of the theory to aerodynamic surface modeling is demonstrated by applying it to a blended wingfuselage surface. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Geometry modeling; Analytic modeling; Surface grid generation 13 16. PRICE CODE A03 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298(Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18 298-102 NASA-Langley, Abstract A the..

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(Maximum 200 words) A procedure for tailoring a blended wing-body configuration to reduce its computed wave drag is described. The method utilizes an iterative algorithm within the framework of first-order linear theory. Four computed examples are included. In each case, the zero-lift wave drag was reduced without an increase in drag due to lift. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Supersonic aircraft design; Blended wing-body; Low-drag design 17 16. PRICE CODE A03 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298(Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18 298-102 NASA-Langley, Abstract A procedure for tailoring a blended wing-body configuration to reduce its computed wave drag is described. The method utilizes an iterative algorithm within the framework of first-order linear theory. Four computed examples are inclu..

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(Maximum 200 words) The effect of low-speed impact damage on the compression and tension strength of thin and moderately thick composite specimens was investigated. Impact speeds ranged from 50 to 550 ft/sec, with corresponding impact energies from 0.25 to 30.7 ft-lb. Impact locations were at the center of the specimen or near a lateral unloaded edge. In this study, thin specimens with only 90 ffi and \Sigma45 ffi plies that were impacted away from the unloaded edge suffered less reduction in maximum load-carrying capability because of impact damage than the same specimens impacted near the unloaded edge. Failure loads of thicker compression-loaded specimens with a similar stacking sequence were independent of impact location. Failure loads of thin tension-loaded specimens with 0 ffi plies were independent of impact location, whereas failure loads of thicker compressionloaded specimens with 0 ffi plies were dependent upon impact location. A finite-element analysis indicated th..