Contradiction, Cultural Tourism, Development and Social Structure in Nepal

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a testable model of the effects of development-related, cultural tourism on local social structures in Nepal and elsewhere. This essay attempts to sort out some of the more salient, patterned features of social interaction from the messiness of the total social reality in which they exist, or to deal with what Rojek and Urry (1997, 3) have termed Modernity 1, “rules to live by” and Modernity 2, the, “’dis- orderliness’ of life.

Effects of Radioactive Phosphorus In Vitro on Oxygen Consumption of Semen

Under the conditions of this study, the levels of radiation used did not significantly alter the oxygen consumption of boar and bull sperm. The average oxygen consumption of ninety replicates of non-treated boar semen representing thirteen different ejaculates from two boars was 201.5 micro liters of oxygen per billion sperm during the first hour of measurement, with a range of 84.6 to 295.8. The average oxygen consumption of seventy-nine replicates of treated boar semen representing twelve different ejaculates from the same two boars was 187.4 microliters of oxygen per billion sperm during the first hour of measurement, with a range of 70.2 to 264.6. The average oxygen consumption of seventeen replicates of boar seminal fluid representing six different ejaculates was 0.04 microliters of oxygen per milliliter of seminal fluid during the first hour of measurement. Seminal fluid from only three of the ejaculates consumed oxygen, while the seminal fluid from the other three ejaculates evolved an unknown gas or gases, other than carbon dioxide, instead of consuming oxygen. The average oxygen consumption of twelve replicates of non-treated bull semen representing five different semen samples from four bulls was 79.4 microliters of oxygen per billion sperm during the first hour of measurement, with a range of 29.4 to 172.1. The average oxygen consumption of six replicates of treated bull semen representing the same three semen samples from the same three bulls was 86.1 microliters of oxygen per billion sperm during the first hour of measurement, with a range of 28.2 to 157.9. Bull seminal fluid from only one out of five semen samples consumed oxygen, while eleven replicates representing four semen samples evolved an average of 15.4 microliters of an unknown gas or gases, other than carbon dioxide, per milliliter of seminal fluid during the first hour of measurement

Transformational Leadership and Employee Satisfaction in a U.S. Fast-Food Restaurant

Fast-food managers struggle with understanding what makes employees satisfied within the organization. An understanding of employee satisfaction may help fast-food managers support employees’ needs and improve their job satisfaction. Grounded in transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between employee perceptions of their leader’s idealized attributes, idealized behaviors, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, and employee satisfaction. The participants included 31 fast-food employees and entry-level supervisors from 1 organization in the Midwestern region of the United States. Data were collected through electronic and paper surveys comprising Bass and Avolio’s multifactor leadership questionnaire and Spector’s job satisfaction survey. Data were then analyzed using a multiple regression statistical test. The model as a whole was able to significantly predict employee satisfaction, F(5, 25) = 3.478, p = .016, R2 = .350. A key recommendation is the implementation of a transformational leadership style within U.S. fast-food restaurants to promote employee satisfaction. The implications for positive social change include the opportunity to provide a foundation for organizational policies and programs to support employee satisfaction to improve community infrastructures