29 research outputs found
Quantitative determination and classification of energy drinks using near-infrared spectroscopy
Effect of zirconium chelate on cadmium stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L. MV.20) seedlings
Wheat seedlings were grown hydroponically, for the heavy metal treatment 200 ÎĽM Cd acetate was applied. Nutrient solutions were also supplemented with a water-soluble zirconium ascorbate complex (Zr-ASC) at several concentrations. Our results indicated that wheat seedlings have accumulated great amounts of zirconium and cadmium in their roots and shoots. Zirconium uptake was increased under Cd stress; however, its translocation to the leaves was mitigated. Increased activities of guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) reflected a Cd induced oxidative challenge in plant cells. Cadmium induced heavy metal stress symptoms could be alleviated by 10 and 33 ÎĽM Zr-ASC, which was also confirmed by the reduced activities of all the tested antioxidant enzymes
FT-NIR origin identification of coffee samples
Two basic variants of the coffee plant are known: arabica (Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora). Arabica, with a higher sensitivity to its growing environment, tastes better, while the caffeine content of robusta is about 1.5 times higher than that of arabica. Robusta is less sensitive to its growing conditions, so it can be produced at a lower cost, yet arabica varieties account for two thirds of the world’s coffee production. Commercially available cheaper coffees are primarily made from low quality robusta, the cheaper they are, the lower the quality of the coffee is. In the case of the ground versions, we cannot even be sure what else there is in the blend besides coffee. For our measurements, Coffea arabica raw coffee was used as the starting material. Samples from different growing areas, roasted using different methods, and ground under identical conditions were analyzed by Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR), and spectral results were evaluated using chemometric methods. Our results demonstrate that a rapid analytical method, requiring no sample preparation and not polluting the environment with chemicals, was successfully used to identify ground coffees by roasting method and growing area
Nutritional analysis of coffee dregs for utilization purposes using classical, ICP-OES and FT-NIR techniques
Coffee dregs are a byproduct left behind in significant amounts after brewing coffee. Several researches have dealt with its utilization possibilities and have proven, in certain cases, its positive effect. In our study, the applicability of coffee dregs as a soil improver was investigated. The pH, dry matter and water-soluble total salt content of coffee dregs, produced as the byproduct of coffee beverages prepared by the espresso method were determined. The mineral content of the samples was measured using the ICP-OES technique. The FT-NIR spectra of the samples were recorded and pattern recognition was carried out according to growing site and preparation method (French Press and Espresso) by the chemometric evaluation of the spectral data
Quantitative determination of coenzyme Q10 from dietary supplements by FT-NIR spectroscopy and statistical analysis
Application of Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and Yield Stability Index to Evaluate Near Infrared Spectra of Green and Roasted Coffee Samples
A fagy- Ă©s tĂ©lállĂłság Ă©lettani Ă©s biokĂ©miai alapjainak tanulmányozása Ĺ‘szibarack genotĂpusokban = Observation of physiological and biochemical basis of frost tolerance and winter hardiness of peach genotypes
A projektben vállalt feladatokat teljesĂtettĂĽk. A nyugalmi idĹ‘szakban a virágrĂĽgyek fejlĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©t többfĂ©le mĂłdszerrel vizsgáltuk. A mikrosporogenĂ©zis ĂĽteme nemcsak fajtánkĂ©nt Ă©s Ă©vjáratonkĂ©nt tĂ©rt el, de egy fán belĂĽl is eltĂ©rĂ©s volt a kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ hosszĂşságĂş termĹ‘rĂ©szeken lĂ©vĹ‘ virágrĂĽgyek között. A pollenfejlĹ‘dĂ©s Ă©s a termĹ‘hossz vizsgálatával pontosan jellemezni tudtuk a virágrĂĽgyfejlĹ‘dĂ©s folyamatát. MestersĂ©ges fagyasztással meghatároztuk az áttelelĹ‘ szervek fagyállĂłságának változását. Fagy- Ă©s tĂ©lállĂłság szempontjábĂłl nagy genetikai változatosságot mutattunk ki az Ĺ‘szibarack fajon belĂĽl, a fajtákat csoportokba soroltuk a vizsgálati eredmĂ©nyek alapján. Az antioxidáns enzimek aktivitásának változásait spektrofotometriás eljárással vizsgáltuk. A peroxidáz Ă©s a polifenol-oxidáz aktivitásának változása egymással ellentĂ©tes tendenciájĂş volt a tĂ©l során a virágrĂĽgyekben. Ezen kĂvĂĽl a glutation reduktáznak van mĂ©g szerepe a fagyállĂłság kialakulásában. A hormonok Ă©s a cukortartalom változását HPLC-vel határoztuk meg a tĂ©li nyugalmi állapot során az áttelelĹ‘ szervekben. A glĂĽkĂłz- Ă©s a fruktĂłz tartalom az Ĺ‘szibarack fagyállĂłságának egyik biokĂ©miai markere lehet. Az áttelelĹ‘ szervek vĂztartalma elsĹ‘sorban a környezeti feltĂ©telektĹ‘l fĂĽggött, Ă©s kevĂ©sbĂ© a genotĂpus fagyállĂłságátĂłl. RĂ©szletes szabadföldi fenolĂłgiai vizsgálatokat Ă©s fagykár felvĂ©telezĂ©st is vĂ©geztĂĽnk. EredmĂ©nyeink gyakorlati szempontbĂłl is jelentĹ‘sek, Ă©s hozzájárulnak a hazai Ĺ‘szibarack-termesztĂ©s sikeresebbĂ© tĂ©telĂ©hez. | The tasks undertaken in the project have been completed. The processes involved in flower bud development were studied during dormancy using various methods. The process of microsporogenesis differed not only between cultivars and years, but even within the same tree, where differences in the bud development rate were observed depending on the length of the branches. Observations of microsporogenesis and pistil length are good methods to describe flower bud development. The frost resistance of the flower buds was examined during the dormancy by artificial freezing tests. There was wide genetical variability between peach species. Cultivars were divided into groups based on data of winter hardiness. Changes in the activity of peroxidise and polyphenol oxidase in the flower buds were examined using the spectrophotometric technique. The activity of these enzymes exhibited opposing tendencies in the course of the winter. Changes in the hormone and sugar contents in the buds were monitored using HPLC. Glucose and fructose content are promising biochemical markers of frost hardiness in peach. The fluctuation in water content indicates that during winter the water content in the tissues of these genotypes depended basically on the external conditions and not on the genetical features. Field phenological and frost damage observation were taken regularly. Our results are also of practical importance and contribute to increasing the effectiveness of peach production in Hungary
Near infrared spectroscopy investigation of white button mushroom preserved by combined treatments
Zsuzsanna Murár1, Marietta Fodor2, István Dalmadi
Quantification of nitrate content with FT-NIR technique in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) variety types: a statistical approach
According to the Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1258/2011, the maximum allowed nitrate content of lettuce is defined within a broad range (2000–5000 mg NO3/kg), depending on harvest season and technology. This study focuses on the identification of the differences in nitrate accumulation between lettuce types and varieties, depending on production technology and on the investigation of the application of non-destructive FT-NIR spectroscopy for nitrate quantification, towards widely used UV–Vis spectroscopy. In the present study, combinations of seasons and technologies (spring 9 greenhouse, autumn 9 open field) were employed for the production of types (batavia, butterhead, lollo and oak leaf; both red and green colored); a total of 266 lettuce heads were analyzed. It was found that with standardized technology and conditions, autumn harvested green oak leaf lettuce types accumulated significantly less nitrate, than red oak or lollo leaf types. With spring harvested lettuces, batavia types generally accumulated generally more nitrates than butterhead types. Based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of FT-NIR measurements the four distinct variety types diverge; the lollo type explicitly diverges from batavia and butterhead types. The LDA further revealed, that within lollo and oak leaf variety types, red and green leaved varieties diverge as well. A model was successfully built for the FT-NIR quantification of the nitrate content of lettuce samples (R2 = 0.95; RMSEE = 74.4 mg/kg fresh weight; Q2 = 0.90; RMSECV = 99.4 mg/kg fresh weight). The developed model is capable of the execution of a fast and non-invasive measurement; the method is suitable for the routine measurement of nitrate content in lettuce
A kávézacc beltartalmi jellemzőinek vizsgálata klasszikus mérési, ICP-OES és FT-NIR technika alkalmazásával
AkávĂ©zaccakávĂ©italkĂ©szĂtĂ©seutánjelentĹ‘smennyisĂ©gben visszamaradĂł mellĂ©ktermĂ©k. HasznosĂtási lehetĹ‘sĂ©geivel számos kutatás foglalkozott Ă©s bizonyĂtotta adott esetben pozitĂv hatását. Tanulmányunkban a kávĂ©zacc talajjavĂtĂł anyagkĂ©nt törtĂ©nĹ‘ felhasználhatĂłságához valamint a zacc alapján törtĂ©nĹ‘ eredetazonosĂtáshoz vĂ©geztĂĽnk mĂ©rĂ©seket. Meghatároztuk a presszĂł eljárással kĂ©szĂĽlt kávĂ©italok mellĂ©ktermĂ©kekĂ©nt keletkezĹ‘ zacc pH-Ă©rtĂ©kĂ©t, szárazanyag- Ă©s vĂzben oldĂłdĂł összes sĂłtartalmát. ICPOES technika alkalmazásával mĂ©rtĂĽk a minták ásványi anyag tartalmát. FelvettĂĽk a minták FT-NIR spektrumát Ă©s a spektrumadatok kemometriai kiĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©sĂ©vel mintázatfelismerest vĂ©geztĂĽnk termĹ‘hely es szerint