312 research outputs found
Histopathological Diagnostic Discrepancies in Soft Tissue Tumours Referred to a Specialist Centre
Aims. A study was performed to determine areas of diagnostic discrepancy in the reporting of cases of soft tissue tumours referred to a specialist sarcoma unit. This was to pinpoint common discrepancies and to determine their causes. Methods and Results. We compared the sarcoma unit's histopathology reports with referring reports on 349 specimens from 277 patients with suspected or proven soft tissue tumours in a one-year period. Conclusions. Diagnostic agreement was found in 256 of 349 cases (73.4%), with minor diagnostic discrepancy in 55 cases (15.7%) and major discrepancy in 38 cases (10.9%). Benign/malignant discordances accounted for only 5% of all discrepancies (5 cases). The most common discrepancies occurred in tumour classification, including diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumour and leiomyosarcoma and the subtyping of spindle cell sarcomas, as well as in tumour grading that could conceivably lead to changes in clinical management. Major diagnostic discrepancies leading to management change occurred in a relatively select range of tumour groups, and almost all discrepancies occurred due to differences in tumour interpretation between general or nonsoft tissue pathologists, and pathologists at the specialist unit. The findings support guidelines by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence that diagnostic review of soft tissue tumours should be performed by specialist soft tissue pathologists
Susceptibility of Fibromatosis Cells in Short-Term Culture to Ifosfamide: A Possible Experimental Treatment in Clinically Aggressive Cases
Purpose. Deep fibromatoses are large, often rapidly growing
but benign soft tissue tumours. Although surgery is the mainstay of treatment, in
unremitting and aggressive cases the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy may produce
objective tumour responses. Fresh tumour samples from four patients with fibromatosis
were investigated as part of a study of drug resistance in soft tissue tumours
Pulmonary Tumour Embolism Complicating a Case of Leiomyosarcoma
Patient. A case of peripheral leiomyosarcoma presenting with features of pulmonary thromboembolism is described
Small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumours and ampullary cancer in Type 1 neurofibromatosis
BACKGROUND: Type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance; approximately 50% of cases present as new mutations CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 56 year-old man with Von Recklinghausen's disease, carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and incidental benign gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the jejunum. CONCLUSIONS: Coexistence between ampullary carcinoid, ectopic pancreatic tissue in the jejunum and neurofibroma of the jejunum in NF-1 has been previously described however; the association of synchronous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and gastrointestinal stromal tumour of the jejunum in NF-1 has not been previously reported
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the gallbladder
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a benign, nonmetastasizing proliferation of myofibroblasts with a potential for local infiltration, recurrence and persistent local growth. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 51 year-old female, who had excision of a gallbladder tumour. Histopathology showed it to be IMT of the gallbladder. CONCLUSION: The approach to these tumours should be primarily surgical resection to obtain a definitive diagnosis and relieve symptoms. IMT has a potential for local infiltration, recurrence and persistent local growth
Toward deterministic sources: Photon generation in a fiber-cavity quantum memory
We demonstrate the generation of photons within a fiber-cavity quantum
memory, followed by later on-demand readout. Signal photons are generated by
spontaneous four-wave mixing in a fiber cavity comprising a birefringent fiber
with dichroic reflective end facets. The detection of the partner herald photon
indicates the creation of the stored signal photon. After a delay, the signal
photon is switched out of resonance with the fiber cavity by intracavity
frequency translation using Bragg scattering four-wave mixing, driven by
ancillary control pulses. We measure sub-Poissonian statistics in the output
signal mode, with in the first readout bin and a readout
frequency translation efficiency of 80%. The 1/e memory lifetime is
67 cavity cycles, or 1.68s. In an alternate fiber cavity, we show
a strategy for noise reduction and measure after one
cavity cycle.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
The Safety Profile of Intentional or Iatrogenic Sacrifice of the Artery of Adamkiewciz and Its Vicinity's Spinal Segmental Arteries: A Systematic Review
Study Design: Systematic review.
Objectives: There is paucity of consensus on whether (1) the artery of Adamkiewicz (AoA) and (2) the number of contiguous
segmental spinal arteries (SSAs) that can be safely ligated without causing spinal cord ischemia. The objective of this review is to
determine the risk of motor neurological deficits from iatrogenic sacrifice of the (1) AoA and (2) its vicinity’s SSAs.
Methods: Systematic review of the spine and vascular surgery was carried out in accordance to PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes in
terms of risk of postoperative motor neurological deficit with occlusion of the AoA, bilateral contiguous SSAs, or unilateral
contiguous SSAs were analyzed.
Results: Ten articles, all retrospective case series, were included. Three studies (total N ¼ 50) demonstrated a postoperative
neurological deficit risk of 4.0% when the AoA is occluded. When 1 to 6 pairs of SSAs (without knowledge of AoA location) were
ligated, the postoperative neurological deficit risk was 0.6%, as compared with 5.4% when more than 6 bilateral pairs of SSAs were
ligated (relative risk [RR] ¼ 0.105, 95% CI 0.013-0.841, P ¼ .0337). For unilateral ligation of SSAs of two to nine levels, the risk of
postoperative neurological deficit does not exceed 1.3%.
Conclusion: The current best evidence indicates that (1) occlusion of the AoA and (2) occlusion of up to 6 pairs of SSAs is
associated with a low risk of postoperative neurological deficit. This limited number of low quality studies restrict the ability to
draw definitive conclusions. Ligation of AoA and SSAs should only be undertaken when absolutely required to mitigate the small
but devastating risk of paralysis
Compact Labelings For Efficient First-Order Model-Checking
We consider graph properties that can be checked from labels, i.e., bit
sequences, of logarithmic length attached to vertices. We prove that there
exists such a labeling for checking a first-order formula with free set
variables in the graphs of every class that is \emph{nicely locally
cwd-decomposable}. This notion generalizes that of a \emph{nicely locally
tree-decomposable} class. The graphs of such classes can be covered by graphs
of bounded \emph{clique-width} with limited overlaps. We also consider such
labelings for \emph{bounded} first-order formulas on graph classes of
\emph{bounded expansion}. Some of these results are extended to counting
queries
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