Satlc model lesson for teaching and learning complex environmental issues related to the thermodynamics

Environmental chemistry is one of the disciplines of Science. For the goal of the deep learning of the subject, it is indispensable to present perception and models of chemical behaviour explicitly. This can be accomplished by giving careful consideration to the development of concepts such that newer approaches are given contemplation, taking in consideration participation of students. Students, well versed in issues which integrate to enhance vital concepts, are thus able to understand nature and help us to discover means to view the impact of industrialization on the well being of mankind. Understanding environmental chemistry needs quality teaching at undergraduate stage of students learning. In the absence of necessary input of biological sciences, mathematics, statistics, along with the parameters of analytical and physical chemistry, students often find environmental chemistry a difficult subject. It is therefore desirable that the practice of disseminating knowledge related to environmental chemistry must avoid the tradition of presenting the necessary information separated from each other. The lectures should be designed in such a way that they provide the complete description of any issue debated in the class room. The students have not to be encouraged to address the issue in a sphere of limited knowledge. It is suggested that the teachers organize their lectures in such a way that the student get involved in the class. This essential scenario can only develop when the knowledge is transferred through Systemic diagrams. Recently concept based teaching methodology; namely systemic approach to teaching and learning chemistry (SATLC) has been employed to highlight the connectivity between some environmental issues and the disciplines of Physical Chemistry. [African Journal of Chemical Education—AJCE 5(2), July 2015

Cardiovascular profile of vasculitis patients at tertiary care center

Background: The vasculitides are a heterogenous group of conditions characterized by blood vessel inflammation and necrosis. Vasculitides are relatively uncommon conditions whose etiology is still poorly understood. Objective of the research was to study the cardiovascular profile of vasculitis patients at a tertiary care centre.Methods: The present hospital based observational study was conducted in the department of internal medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The study had two parts: retrospective and prospective. In the retrospective part, all patients of vasculitis who were admitted or evaluated in outpatient department (OPD) from March 2012 to September 2018, were enrolled for the analysis. In the prospective part, all patients of vasculitis admitted or evaluated in OPD from October 2018 to May 2020 were enrolled for study.Results: Out of total 77 patients studied, 39 (50.6%) were prospective cases and 38 (49.4%) cases were of retrospective nature. Normal echocardiographic and electrocardiography (ECG) findings were seen in majority of all three groups. Computed tomography (CT) angio shows involvement of right subclavian artery in 9 (40.9%) patients, 8 (36.4%) patients had involvement of left subclavian artery, 6 (27.3%) patients had involvement of arch of aorta, CT angio was suggestive of involvement left common carotid artery 5 patients, 2 patients each had involvement of celiac artery, bilateral iliac, ascending aorta, normal CT angio findings. Arterial Doppler was suggestive of involvement of right common carotid artery (CCA) and left CCA in 4 (30.8%) patients each, right superior cerebellar artery (SCA) involvement in 3 (23.1%) patients, left SCA involvement in 4 (30.8%) patients, left right brachiocephalic artery (RBA), right RA and B/L UA involvement was observed in 1 (7.7%) patient each.Conclusions: The association between cardiovascular disease and a vasculitis is well documented. our study discusses the association between cv disease and vasculitis