ANÁLISE TÉCNICA DOS SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO (Coffea arabica L.) NA REGIÃO OESTE DA BAHIA

This study aimed to evaluate the uniformity of 27 irrigation systems with 7 as drip and 20 as central pivot, located in 12properties distributed in three counties of western Bahia. Of the 20 central pivot irrigation systems evaluated, 11 were equipped withsprinklers such as “Low Energy Precision Application” (LEPA), five with alternative sprinklers and four conventional sprinklers. Wedetermined the Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CUC) and the coefficient uniformity of distribution (CUD) of each system. Of thecentral pivots evaluated, only two (10%) had CUC values below 80%, which is considered unsuitable. Of the seven drip irrigationsystems evaluated, only one showed an unacceptable CUD value. The average value of CUD found during the evaluations, for thecentral pivot irrigation system with sprinklers equipped with LEPA was higher than the value given by drip. The central pivots withlocalized application (LEPA and alternative) had higher values of uniformity than the conventional central pivots.No presente trabalho, objetivou-se a avaliação da uniformidade de aplicação de 27 sistemas de irrigação, sendo sete porgotejamento e 20 por pivô central, localizados em 12 propriedades de cafeicultores distribuídas em três municípios da região oeste daBahia. Dos 20 sistemas de irrigação por pivô central avaliados, 11 foram pivôs equipados com emissores do tipo “Low EnergyPrecision Application” (LEPA), cinco com emissores alternativos e quatro eram pivôs centrais convencionais. Determinaram-se oCoeficiente de Uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e o Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição (CUD) de cada sistema. Dospivôs centrais avaliados, apenas dois (10%) apresentaram valores de CUC abaixo de 80%, considerados inadequados. Dos setesistemas de irrigação localizada por gotejamento avaliados, apenas um exibiu valor de CUD considerado inaceitável. O valor médio deCUD encontrado, durante as avaliações, no sistema de irrigação por pivô central equipado com emissores LEPA foi superior ao valorapresentado pelo sistema de gotejamento. Os pivôs centrais de aplicação localizada (LEPA e alternativos) apresentaram valores deuniformidade superiores aos dos pivôs centrais convencionai

Efeitos da irrigação na produção e no desenvolvimento do cafeeiro na região oeste da Bahia

Irrigation redesigned the distribution of the cultivation of coffee in Brazil, and upon this, new studies in water consumption and in its relationships with production and growth in coffee became necessary. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of irrigation on the production and growth in coffee irrigated by drip irrigation, in the West region of Bahia. For this, a trial was carried out in the farm Café do Rio Branco, located in Barreiras – BA. The experiment was caried out with adult plants of coffee of the variety Catuaí Vermelho, approximately 3.5 years old and set up in a randomized block design, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments corresponded to 75, 85, 100, 125 and 150% of the irrigation depth and were calculated by the Irriplus software. It was evaluated the productivity, water use efficiency (WUE), vegetative development, sieve classification, as well as the yield and maturation of fruits. A significant effect of the irrigation depth in yield, WUE and maturation of fruits (green and cherry) was observed at the end of four consecutive harvests. The estimated maximum productivity (60 sc ha-1), was obtained with 129% of the irrigation depth and a maximum WUE (5.7 kg mm-1) obtained with 75%. As to maturation, they were significant only for green (19.7%) and cherry fruits (67.5) with the irrigation depths of 119 and 121%, respectively. There was no significant effect of the different irrigation depths in the vegetative development, sieve classification and yield of fruits.A irrigação redesenhou a distribuição das lavouras cafeeiras no Brasil e com isso tornaram-se necessários novos estudos de consumo de água e suas relações com a produção e crescimento do cafeeiro. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da irrigação sobre a produção e o desenvolvimento do cafeeiro irrigado por gotejamento na região Oeste da Bahia. Para isso foi implantado um experimento na fazenda Café do Rio Branco, localizada em Barreiras – BA, em cafeeiros adultos, aproximadamente 3,5 anos de idade, da variedade Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. O experimento foi montado no delineamento em blocos casualizados, composto de 5 tratamentos, correspondentes à 75, 85, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de irrigação calculada pelo software Irriplus. Observou-se, ao final de quatro safras, efeito significativo da lâmina de irrigação na produtividade do cafeeiro. A produtividade máxima estimada (60 sc ha-1) foi obtida com a lâmina correspondente a 122% da lâmina de irrigação. Não houve efeito das diferentes lâminas de irrigação no desenvolvimento vegetativo, na classificação por peneira, no rendimento e na maturação dos frutos do cafeeiro

Development and production of fertigated coffee trees in the west region of Bahia, Brazil

This work was to evaluate the effects of different doses and fertigation parceling on the production and development of irrigated coffee drip in the Western Bahia region. He carried out the work on the farm White River Café, located in Barreiras - BA in coffee adults, approximately 3.5 years of age, Catuaí IAC 144. The experiment was conducted in a factorial 3 x 3, three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 yr-1 N and K2O) in 3 monthly installments of fertigation (2, 4 and 8 times). The variables in the experiment were: productivity, growth, yield and sieve. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 yr-1 N / K2O, the highest yield of the coffee. The installments of fertigation at two and eight times per month were higher in productivity. A higher effect of splitting the fertigation, on the effect of N and K2O in the coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of dose and fertigation parceling on rating sieve of coffee beans.The aim in the present study was to evaluate the effects of different split fertigation and doses on the development and production of drip irrigated coffee in the western region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study was performed at the Café do Rio Branco Farm, in Barreiras, BA, Brazil, in adult coffee trees aged approximately 3.5 years from the variety Catuaí IAC 144. A 3 x 3 factorial design was adopted, with three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O) in three monthly split fertigation (two, four and eight times). Stem and crown growth, productivity, yield and sieve were evaluated. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 year-1 N/K2O and the splits in two and eight times provided the highest productivities of coffee. A higher split fertigation was observed on the effect of N and K2O doses in coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of split fertigation and doses in the classification by sieves of coffee beans

Spacial distribution of fertigated coffee root system

ABSTRACT The development of coffee plant root system changes when subjected to drip irrigation and fertigation. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of fertigation on the development of coffee root system by drip irrigation in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out with Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 coffee plants, of about 3.5 years of age, in the “Café do Rio Branco” farm, located in Barreiras - BA, and consisted of a complete randomized blocks design with 3 replicates. Treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O), weekly distributed, by means of fertigation, throughout the process. After the fourth harvest, coffee root system was evaluated, and root length density (RLD) and root density (RD) were determined at different sampled layers. The highest root concentration, root length density (RLD), and root density (RD) were observed in the superficial layers of soil (0-20 cm), and under the dripline (30 and 70 cm from the orthotropic branch). Results showed that the lower the N and K2O levels, the higher was the development (RLD and RD) of the coffee root system