Doação de Órgãos: O Posicionamento Familiar em Relação aos Aspectos da Doação / OrganDonation: Family Positioning In Relation To Donation Aspects

Objetivo: Este trabalho objetivou-se compreender o posicionamento familiar a respeito da doação de órgãos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório onde optou-se por métodos de Revisão Integrativa de Literatura (RIL), a busca por publicações cientificas foi realizada em abril a agosto de 2019, português, inglês, completos e disponíveis gratuitamente. Critérios de inelegibilidade: artigos em forma de resumo, monografias. Resultados: Um dos motivos mais comuns na recusa familiar é pelo não conhecimento do potencial doador expressado em vida sobre seu posicionamento a respeito da doação, além do não entendimento da morte encefálica. Conclusão: Para um bom esclarecimento a fim de trazer aceitação dos familiares é necessário programas informativos a respeito da doação de órgãos, debates na sociedade para quebrar tabus existentes sobre o assunto, estrutura hospitalar e um ambiente calmo para o momento da entrevista familiar para capitação de órgãos, além da segurança dos profissionais no ato de esclarecer dúvidas sobre morte encefálica, e o processo de doação

Transovarial transmission and finding of Trypanosoma rhipicephalis in the hemolymph of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato

Trypanosoma rhipicephalis Marotta et al. (2018) is a species isolated from Rhipicephalus microplus ticks collected from native bovine Seropédica, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This study aimed to investigate the interaction of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus s. l. with T. rhipicephalis by in vitro artificial feeding. Eight females of R. sanguineus s. l. partially fed on rabbits. Tick infection was performed by an artificial feeding system using plastic tips for 12 hours. Canine blood used for feeding the ticks test group was previously infected with T. rhipicephalis 108/mL. The hemolymph smear test was performed in all females after experimental infection. The daily posture was collected and organized in pools of each female per posture day. The eggs were divided into three groups, the first group for eggs PCR, the second for hatching and larval PCR, and the third group of eggs for isolation in cell culture. The evaluation of the presence of DNA in the macerated eggs of experimentally infected ticks showed two positive PCR samples. The evaluation of the presence of DNA in experimentally infected females showed all samples tested positive. For the hemolymph test, tick number 7 presented epimastigote developmental forms and amastigotes of T. rhipicephalis. Experimental infection by artificial feeding proved to be a suitable tool to study the interaction of T. rhipicephalis in R. sanguineus s. l. ticks. The results show the transovarial transmission of T. rhipicephalis by R. sanguineus s. l., as well as the interaction of the protozoan in the organism of this tick species

Altered intrauterine ultrasound, fetal head circumference growth and neonatal outcomes among suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome in Brazil

Abstract Objectives: to describe altered intrauterine ultrasound, analyze fetal head circumference (HC) growth and neonates' outcomes among presumed cases of congenital Zika syndrome in Brazil. Methods: 30 women were included in the study with suspected history of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy and fetal's brain altered on ultrasound diagnosis. Sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, prenatal altered ultrasounds, HC and other perinatal outcomes have been described. The relation between HC and gestational age was analyzed by using random regression effects based on polynomials fractions. The Z test was calculated to determine an instant variant mean rate of the HC for each gestational age. Results: the mean gestational age of the ultrasound diagnosis was 33.3 + 4.7 weeks and HC at birth was 28.9 + 1.6 cm. The main altered brain ultrasound was microcephaly (96.7%). The analysis of the fetal head circumference showed an estimated increase of the average HC, as to gestational age, it did not occur in a linear form. The instant HC variation rate increased according to gestational age (p<0,001). Conclusions: Fetal's main morphological alteration was microcephaly, observing an increase in the head circumference according to gestational age in a non-linear form and the variation decreased with gestational age