Electrochemical Properties of the LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ Cathode Material Modified by Lithium Tungstate under High Voltage

An amount (5 wt %) of lithium tungstate (Li₂WO₄) as an additive significantly improves the cycle and rate performances of the LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ electrode at the cutoff voltage of 4.6 V. The 5 wt % Li₂WO₄-mixed LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 199.2 mA h g^–1 and keeps 73.1% capacity for 200 cycles at 1 C. It retains 67.4% capacity after 200 cycles at 2 C and delivers a discharge capacity of 167.3 mA h g^–1 at 10 C, while those of the pristine electrode are only 44.7% and 87.5 mA h g^–1, respectively. It is shown that the structure of the LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ cathode material is not affected by mixing Li₂WO₄. The introduced Li₂WO₄ effectively restrains the LiPF₆ and carbonate solvent decomposition by consuming PF₅ at high cutoff voltage, forming a stable cathode/electrolyte interface film with low resistance

Selective Recovery of Li and Fe from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by an Environmentally Friendly Mechanochemical Approach

Recycling of spent LiFePO₄ batteries has drawn recent attention relating to recovering their high contents of rare elements and negating potential negative environmental effects of their disposal. However, the stable crystal structure of LiFePO₄ materials has prevented the development of a recycling process with high selectivity and extraction efficiency. We report the selective extraction of Fe and Li from spent LiFePO₄ batteries via an environmentally friendly mechanochemical process with oxalic acid. With the use of a mechanochemical treatment and water leaching, the Li extraction efficiency can be improved to 99%. Furthermore, 94% of Fe can be simultaneously recovered as FeC₂O₄·2H₂O. To understand the reaction mechanism and determine the optimum reaction conditions, we investigated various parameters, including the LiFePO₄ to oxalic acid mass ratio, rotation speed, milling time, and ball-to-powder mass ratio. Moreover, metal ions from the water leaching process were recovered by chemical precipitation. This study provides an efficient and selective process for recovery of valuable metals from spent LiFePO₄ materials

Mesoporous Silica-Supported Manganese Oxides for Complete Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds: Influence of Mesostructure, Redox Properties, and Hydrocarbon Dimension

Manganese oxides supported on ordered mesoporous silicas and nonordered commercial silicas were comparatively studied in terms of physical properties and catalytic behavior in the complete oxidation of propane, <i>n</i>-decane, toluene, and <i>p</i>-cymene. Manganese oxides are well-dispersed on large-pore SBA-15, KIT-6, and commercial silicas, whereas they agglomerate on small-pore HMS and MCM-41. Mn/SBA-15 contains oxide species with the best reducibility, but its two-dimensional mesopores are significantly blocked. The alkane removal efficiency depends on the amount of accessible manganese oxides; therefore, the three-dimensional Mn/KIT-6 shows better performance than the pore-blocked Mn/SBA-15. In contrast, the ignition of aromatic hydrocarbons, which needs higher temperatures than alkanes, seems more strongly dependent on the reducibility, and Mn/SBA-15 shows the lowest ignition temperatures. Despite their much smaller surface areas, nonordered commercial silicas present significant advantages in the catalytic removal of large-molecule hydrocarbons due to the favorable mass transfer in the short mesopores within their thin particles

Supporting information from High-density polyethylene crystals with double melting peaks induced by ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibre

High-density polyethylene (HDPE)/ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibre composites were prepared via solution crystallization to investigate the components of epitaxial crystal growth on a highly oriented substrate. Scanning electron microscopy morphologies of HDPE crystals on UHMWPE fibres revealed that the edge-on ribbon pattern crystals a formed initially on UHMWPE fibres converted afterwards to a sheet shape as crystallization progressed. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction confirmed that the polymer chain oriented along the fibre axis and the orthorhombic crystal form of HDPE remained unchanged in HDPE/UHMWPE fibre composite systems. The thermal behaviour of the fibre composites measured by differential scanning calorimetry showed double melting peaks, the nature of which, as disclosed by partial melting experiments, is ascribed to bilayer components existing in the induced crystals: the inner layer is composed of more regularly folded chain crystals induced by UHMWPE fibres, and the outer layer formed on the inner one with a thinner and lower ordered crystal structure

Supporting information from High density polyethylene crystals with double melting peaks induced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibre

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibre composite as an example were prepared via solution crystallization to investigate the components of crystals growth epitaxially on highly oriented substrate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphologies of HDPE crystals on UHMWPE fibres revealed that edge-on ribbon pattern crystals formed initially on UHMWPE fibres converted afterwards to sheet shape as crystallization time goes on. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) uncovered that the polymer chain oriented along fibre axis and orthorhombic crystal form of HDPE remained unchanged in HDPE/UHMWPE fibre composite systems. Thermal behaviour of fibre composites measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed double melting peaks, the nature of which disclosed by partial melting experiments is ascribed to bilayer components existing in the induced crystals: inner layer is composed of more regularly folded chain crystals induced by UHMWPE fibre; outer layer formed on the inner one with thinner and lower ordered crystal structure

High-Performance Near-Infrared Photodetectors Based on p‑Type SnX (X = S, Se) Nanowires Grown <i>via</i> Chemical Vapor Deposition

Because of the distinct electronic properties and strong interaction with light, quasi-one-dimensional nanowires (NWs) with semiconducting property have been demonstrated with tremendous potential for various technological applications, especially electronics and optoelectronics. However, until now, most of the state-of-the-art NW photodetectors are predominantly based on the n-type NW channel. Here, we successfully synthesized p-type SnSe and SnS NWs <i>via</i> the chemical vapor deposition method and fabricated high-performance single SnSe and SnS NW photodetectors. Importantly, these two NW devices exhibit an impressive photodetection performance with a high photoconductive gain of 1.5 × 10⁴ (2.8 × 10⁴), good responsivity of 1.0 × 10⁴ A W^–1 (1.6 × 10⁴ A W^–1), and excellent detectivity of 3.3 × 10¹² Jones (2.4 × 10¹² Jones) under near-infrared illumination at a bias of 3 V for the SnSe NW (SnS NW) channel. The rise and fall times can be as efficient as 460 and 520 μs (1.2 and 15.1 ms), respectively, for the SnSe NW (SnS NW) device. Moreover, the spatially resolved photocurrent mapping of the devices further reveals the bias-dependent photocurrent generation. All these results evidently demonstrate that the p-type SnSe and SnS NWs have great potential to be applied in next-generation high-performance optoelectronic devices

MOESM4 of Granulin epithelin precursor promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by activating MARK/ERK pathway

Additional file 4. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression of prognostic parameters for overall survival in 190 patients with colorectal cancer

MOESM2 of Granulin epithelin precursor promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by activating MARK/ERK pathway

Additional file 2. Clinicopathological factors predicted prognosis for 190 CRC patients

MOESM1 of Granulin epithelin precursor promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by activating MARK/ERK pathway

Additional file 1. SuperArray SureSilencing shRNA plasmids mediated GEP knockdown

MOESM3 of Granulin epithelin precursor promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by activating MARK/ERK pathway

Additional file 3. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression of prognostic parameters for disease free survival in 190 patients with colorectal cancer