Utilization of inorganic industrial wastes in producing construction ceramics. Review of Russian experience for the years 2000–2015

© 2016 Elsevier LtdThis paper analyzes the significant scientific publications worldwide for the last 15 years concerning construction ceramics (predominantly brick) made with various inorganic industrial wastes added to the ceramic raw material for the improvement of properties and for eco-friendly disposal. The information gap resulting from the lack of mentions of the Russian publications on this subject in English-language reviews is filled. The paper includes brief summaries of 34 dissertations and 29 patents issued in Russia since 2000. The waste additives described in these summaries are grouped by origin type (mining industry waste, ore enrichment waste, metallurgical waste, sludge, ashes, cullet, large-capacity building wastes and waste from various chemical production processes) with the ceramic mixture compositions, molding and firing conditions, final strength, water absorption and other parameters of the final ceramic samples reported. Russian scientists have expanded the nomenclature of each group of wastes significantly upon addition to the list described in English-language reviews for 2000–2015. References to the recent Russian developments in the field of ecological management in ceramic industry are provided

Ultrasound-assisted extrusion of construction ceramic samples

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.The conditions for a decrease in friction during ceramic brick production between a mixture and an extruder die under the influence of 20–30 kHz ultrasound applied to the die are calculated. An optimum design of a die used to mold 30 mm diameter cylindrical samples with a resonance in this frequency range is selected using computer modeling. From the results, a titanium die is fabricated and tested on a Verdes–050 (Spain) laboratory extruder using an ultrasonic magnetostrictive transducer with a power of 1.5 kW (Inlab-Ultrazvuk, Russia). A 12% reduction in extrusion pressure, a 20% acceleration of molding and a positive influence on the properties of the ceramics were found. The surface of the ceramic samples was covered by craters with diameters of approximately 10 µm due to the boiling of water, and the porosity of the main body of the samples decreased. This technique prevents the undesirable rapid drying of the surface when the samples exit the die and stabilizes the strength of the fired samples. The color remained unchanged, the water absorption decreased, the density, strength and resistance to frost increased. Ultrasonic extrusion increased the accuracy of the strength tests of construction ceramics, indicating the prospect of ultrasonic die development for industrial extruders for bricks, facing tiles and roof tiles

Utilization of inorganic industrial wastes in producing construction ceramics. Review of Russian experience for the years 2000–2015

© 2016 Elsevier LtdThis paper analyzes the significant scientific publications worldwide for the last 15 years concerning construction ceramics (predominantly brick) made with various inorganic industrial wastes added to the ceramic raw material for the improvement of properties and for eco-friendly disposal. The information gap resulting from the lack of mentions of the Russian publications on this subject in English-language reviews is filled. The paper includes brief summaries of 34 dissertations and 29 patents issued in Russia since 2000. The waste additives described in these summaries are grouped by origin type (mining industry waste, ore enrichment waste, metallurgical waste, sludge, ashes, cullet, large-capacity building wastes and waste from various chemical production processes) with the ceramic mixture compositions, molding and firing conditions, final strength, water absorption and other parameters of the final ceramic samples reported. Russian scientists have expanded the nomenclature of each group of wastes significantly upon addition to the list described in English-language reviews for 2000–2015. References to the recent Russian developments in the field of ecological management in ceramic industry are provided

Utilization of inorganic industrial wastes in producing construction ceramics. Review of Russian experience for the years 2000–2015

© 2016 Elsevier LtdThis paper analyzes the significant scientific publications worldwide for the last 15 years concerning construction ceramics (predominantly brick) made with various inorganic industrial wastes added to the ceramic raw material for the improvement of properties and for eco-friendly disposal. The information gap resulting from the lack of mentions of the Russian publications on this subject in English-language reviews is filled. The paper includes brief summaries of 34 dissertations and 29 patents issued in Russia since 2000. The waste additives described in these summaries are grouped by origin type (mining industry waste, ore enrichment waste, metallurgical waste, sludge, ashes, cullet, large-capacity building wastes and waste from various chemical production processes) with the ceramic mixture compositions, molding and firing conditions, final strength, water absorption and other parameters of the final ceramic samples reported. Russian scientists have expanded the nomenclature of each group of wastes significantly upon addition to the list described in English-language reviews for 2000–2015. References to the recent Russian developments in the field of ecological management in ceramic industry are provided

Utilization of inorganic industrial wastes in producing construction ceramics. Review of Russian experience for the years 2000–2015

© 2016 Elsevier LtdThis paper analyzes the significant scientific publications worldwide for the last 15 years concerning construction ceramics (predominantly brick) made with various inorganic industrial wastes added to the ceramic raw material for the improvement of properties and for eco-friendly disposal. The information gap resulting from the lack of mentions of the Russian publications on this subject in English-language reviews is filled. The paper includes brief summaries of 34 dissertations and 29 patents issued in Russia since 2000. The waste additives described in these summaries are grouped by origin type (mining industry waste, ore enrichment waste, metallurgical waste, sludge, ashes, cullet, large-capacity building wastes and waste from various chemical production processes) with the ceramic mixture compositions, molding and firing conditions, final strength, water absorption and other parameters of the final ceramic samples reported. Russian scientists have expanded the nomenclature of each group of wastes significantly upon addition to the list described in English-language reviews for 2000–2015. References to the recent Russian developments in the field of ecological management in ceramic industry are provided

Prototyping of Ultrasonic Die for Extrusion of Ceramic Brick

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. A scaled-down prototype of a die for extruding ceramic brick with ultrasonic oscillations from a magneto-striction transducer delivered onto the die wall was tested. Extruder productivity was increased. There is a complex improving effect on the microstructure of the ceramic, drying properties, shrinkage, water absorption, and density and strength, making it possible to reduce the plasticity requirements of clay. The test result shows that it is possible to develop an ultrasonic die for industrial extruders

Prototyping of Ultrasonic Die for Extrusion of Ceramic Brick

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. A scaled-down prototype of a die for extruding ceramic brick with ultrasonic oscillations from a magneto-striction transducer delivered onto the die wall was tested. Extruder productivity was increased. There is a complex improving effect on the microstructure of the ceramic, drying properties, shrinkage, water absorption, and density and strength, making it possible to reduce the plasticity requirements of clay. The test result shows that it is possible to develop an ultrasonic die for industrial extruders

Prototyping of Ultrasonic Die for Extrusion of Ceramic Brick

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. A scaled-down prototype of a die for extruding ceramic brick with ultrasonic oscillations from a magneto-striction transducer delivered onto the die wall was tested. Extruder productivity was increased. There is a complex improving effect on the microstructure of the ceramic, drying properties, shrinkage, water absorption, and density and strength, making it possible to reduce the plasticity requirements of clay. The test result shows that it is possible to develop an ultrasonic die for industrial extruders

Ultrasound-assisted extrusion of construction ceramic samples

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.The conditions for a decrease in friction during ceramic brick production between a mixture and an extruder die under the influence of 20–30 kHz ultrasound applied to the die are calculated. An optimum design of a die used to mold 30 mm diameter cylindrical samples with a resonance in this frequency range is selected using computer modeling. From the results, a titanium die is fabricated and tested on a Verdes–050 (Spain) laboratory extruder using an ultrasonic magnetostrictive transducer with a power of 1.5 kW (Inlab-Ultrazvuk, Russia). A 12% reduction in extrusion pressure, a 20% acceleration of molding and a positive influence on the properties of the ceramics were found. The surface of the ceramic samples was covered by craters with diameters of approximately 10 µm due to the boiling of water, and the porosity of the main body of the samples decreased. This technique prevents the undesirable rapid drying of the surface when the samples exit the die and stabilizes the strength of the fired samples. The color remained unchanged, the water absorption decreased, the density, strength and resistance to frost increased. Ultrasonic extrusion increased the accuracy of the strength tests of construction ceramics, indicating the prospect of ultrasonic die development for industrial extruders for bricks, facing tiles and roof tiles

Ultrasound-assisted extrusion of construction ceramic samples

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.The conditions for a decrease in friction during ceramic brick production between a mixture and an extruder die under the influence of 20–30 kHz ultrasound applied to the die are calculated. An optimum design of a die used to mold 30 mm diameter cylindrical samples with a resonance in this frequency range is selected using computer modeling. From the results, a titanium die is fabricated and tested on a Verdes–050 (Spain) laboratory extruder using an ultrasonic magnetostrictive transducer with a power of 1.5 kW (Inlab-Ultrazvuk, Russia). A 12% reduction in extrusion pressure, a 20% acceleration of molding and a positive influence on the properties of the ceramics were found. The surface of the ceramic samples was covered by craters with diameters of approximately 10 µm due to the boiling of water, and the porosity of the main body of the samples decreased. This technique prevents the undesirable rapid drying of the surface when the samples exit the die and stabilizes the strength of the fired samples. The color remained unchanged, the water absorption decreased, the density, strength and resistance to frost increased. Ultrasonic extrusion increased the accuracy of the strength tests of construction ceramics, indicating the prospect of ultrasonic die development for industrial extruders for bricks, facing tiles and roof tiles