Dynamics of learning motives and barriers in the context of changing human life roles

This paper promotes a theoretical discussion that focuses on the motives and barriers that make impact on adults learning as well as on their dynamics related to the change of social roles. The adult learning motives and barriers change and vary according to the prevailing social roles at different periods of one’s life. This dynamics of adult learning motives and barriers is mostly influenced by the importance and compatibility of acquired social roles, responsibility areas and spaces of a person and other factors. The qualitative data was gathered in March – April 2016 in Kaunas, Lithuania. The sample consisted of 30 narratives, written by informants, aged 35 to 65 years that were participating in professional training courses. There has been prepared 30 self-reflections that were analysed using content analysis. The analysis of empirical data shows that external learning motives and barriers prevail in the period when an individual is active in the labour market while the personal motives remain overshadowed. However, personal barriers prevail in the expression of learning barriers. This is influenced by the society’s attitude towards the performance of pupil and student roles and the value attitudes of surrounding people that partially control it

Expression patterns of differentially expressed TFs and TF regulatory networks for primary and metastatic prostate cancer.

<p>Heat map of differentially expressed TFs having significant correlations with differentially expressed target genes in primary (A) and metastatic tumors (B). Each row represents a TF and each column represents a different sample. Color bars above the columns represent groups of samples: light blue, red and magenta for primary, metastatic and normal samples, respectively. Cells represent z-scores of TF expression values ranging from blue for low expression to red for highly expressed TFs. TF regulatory interactions with corresponding genes have been represented for primary (C) and metastatic (D) tumors. TFs and target genes are shown as triangular and oval nodes. The node color represent log fold changes (blue: down-regulation; red: up-regulation). The edge color indicates the type of regulation (green for activation and red for repression) and the edge width is proportional to the absolute correlation coefficient for the expression values of the connected pair.</p

Kaplan-Meier survival curves of BCR-free survival probability for key molecular signatures.

<p>Plots 6A-6C show survival curves for key genes in primary prostate tumor and plots 6D-6F show survival plots for prostate cancer metastases. High expression of <i>STAT3</i> is associated with the highest mean survival time (MST = 65.71 months) and lowest BCR event (10 BCR events) among all of genes. NO: number of samples in the group, BCR: biochemical recurrence, MST: mean survival time.</p

Integrative regulatory network analysis results based on two network structure parameters (degree and betweenness centrality).

<p>Integrative regulatory network analysis results based on two network structure parameters (degree and betweenness centrality).</p

Venn diagrams of differentially expressed regulatory components in prostate tumor.

<p>The number of DEGs, DEMs and TFs in primary and metastatic tumor samples (green and purple ovals, respectively) are shown. It is interesting to note that primary and metastatic tumors do not share any upregulated TFs.</p