Outcome of the comparison between the data contained in the patient diaries and data provided in the PD-Watch report for each 24-h acquisition period.

The overall recording duration of 528 hours with twelve PD patients is divided in no. 22 acquisition periods, with a 24-h duration for each acquisition period. The symbol “#” is used to identify each 24-h acquisition period.</p

Examples of clinical application cases with temporal patterns of dyskinesia, tremor, and bradykinesia detected by the tool.

(a-b) Temporal patterns related to clinical application cases concerning the wearing-off phenomenon. (c) Temporal patterns related to clinical application cases concerning the early-morning OFF period.</p

Fig 2 -

(a-d) Information on dyskinesia detected during 24-hour acquisitions for four different patients, from (a) to (d). First column: 24-h temporal pattern of dyskinesia intensity; second column: histogram of the time spent with impactful dyskinesia distributed for the different score values from 1 to 4; third column: the value of the MDS-UPDRS score for the items 4.1. and 4.2. (e-f) shows a comparison between the information on dyskinesia maximum intensity and duration detected by the tool and the MDS-UPDRS score for the items related to dyskinesia. (e) The relationship between the scores of item 4.2 of the MDS-UPDRS on the functional impact of the dyskinesias (comparable to the item 5 –wrist–of the AIMS) and the maximum intensity of the dyskinesia. (f) The relationship between the scores of item 4.1 of the MDS-UPDRS on the time/percent of the waking day spent with dyskinesia and the duration of impactful dyskinesia.</p

A comparison between the data contained in the patient diaries and data provided in the PD-Watch report for each 24-h acquisition period.

The overall recording duration of 528 hours with twelve PD patients is divided in no. 22 acquisition periods, with a 24-h duration for each acquisition period. The symbol “#” is used to identify each 24-h acquisition period.</p

Data obtained through the PD-Watch tool for a 72-h acquisition of a PD patient with motor fluctuations.

(a) Pie chart on the percentage duration of the recorded motor states. (b) Daily histograms with motor state duration. (c) Color legend. (d) Temporal patterns provided by the PD-Watch for a 24-h sequence of the whole 72-h acquisition. First row: temporal patterns of motor states; second row: temporal pattern of dyskinesia intensity; third row: the temporal pattern of tremor intensity; fourth row: a spectrogram of the 24-h recording.</p

Supporting information reports more details on the study protocol, the inclusion criteria and the performances of the proposed tool.

The Supplementary figures show some examples of data obtained through the PD-Watch tool, including an application example related to the patient adherence to the oral therapy plan. (DOCX)</p

Main characteristics of the sample.

<p>SD: Standard deviation. SCOPA: Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease. PDQ-8: Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8 items.</p

Variables in the study broken down by the NMS burden levels and Hoehn and Yahr staging^*.

<p>PD: Parkinson's disease. NMS: Non-Motor Symptoms. NMSS: Non-Motor Symptoms Scale. SCOPA: Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease. CISI-PD: Clinical Impression of Severity Index for Parkinson's disease. VAS: Visual analogue scale. PDQ-8: Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8 items.</p>*<p>Kruskal-Wallis test for all variables, p =  0.0001. Bonferroni correction for multiple (n = 18) comparisons, p<0.0027.</p

Demographic and clinical parameters of patients with Parkinson’s disease before and after effective AMPS and sham stimulation.

<p>Acronyms: M: male; F: female; DD: disease duration; H&Y: Hoehn and Yahr; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; Side: Symtom-dominant side; LEDD: L-dopa equivalent daily dose; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; PIGD: Postural Instability Gait Disturbances</p><p>^# Data from the total group of patients (n = 11)</p><p>* Data from the group of patients eligible for fMRI analysis (n = 7).</p><p>^a Tremor sub score represents the sum of the UPDRS items in OFF condition: 3.15, 3.16, 3.17 e 3.18.</p><p>^b PIGD subscore represents the sum of the UPDRS items in OFF condition: 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14.</p><p>^c Rigidity subscore represents the sum of the UPDRS items in OFF condition: 3.3.</p><p>Statistically significant P-values (p < 0.05) are presented in bold.</p><p>Demographic and clinical parameters of patients with Parkinson’s disease before and after effective AMPS and sham stimulation.</p

Z-statistic images showing clusters of significantly increased RSFC (p < 0.05, cluster-level FWE corrected) after one session of effective AMPS of the primary sensory motor cortex (a), the nuclei striati (c) and the cerebellum (d), overlaid onto a MNI-registered anatomical 3D-T1 volume.

<p>Seed regions of interest are red-coloured in the panels on the left. MNI coordinates (x, y, z) of the maximal Z-scores are presented in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137977#pone.0137977.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>. Coronal and axial views follow the neurological convention.</p