Etude du pouvoir antioxydant de six extraits du thé vert

La recherche sur les antioxydants est en plein développement, et en particulier celle qui concerne les composants du thé vert. La première partie constitue un rappel sur l'oxydation et les antioxydants, les processus d'oxydation, les principaux agents responsabbles, et les procédés par lesquels l'organisme limite les agressions liées à ces produits. Dans une seconde partie, une étude portant sur l'analyse de six extraits du thé vert, de composition riche en polyphénols, a été réalisée. D'abord, une étude de toxicité a permis de déterminer à quelles concentrations utiliser les extraits. Pour chacun des six extraits, deux concentrations non toxiques ont ensuite été testées vis-à-vis d'un agent pro oxydant : le peroxyde d'hydrogène. Les résultats ont montré que tous les extraits testés de thé vert présentent des propriétés antioxydantes aux concentrations d2 = 50 g/ml et d4= 0.5 g/ml.ROUEN-BU Médecine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Immunologic aspects of preeclampsiaAJOG Global Reports at a Glance

Preeclampsia is a syndrome with multiple etiologies. The diagnosis can be made without proteinuria in the presence of dysfunction of at least 1 organ associated with hypertension. The common pathophysiological pathway includes endothelial cell activation, intravascular inflammation, and syncytiotrophoblast stress. There is evidence to support, among others, immunologic causes of preeclampsia. Unlike defense immunology, reproductive immunology is not based on immunologic recognition systems of self/non-self and missing-self but on immunotolerance and maternal–fetal cellular interactions. The main mechanisms of immune escape from fetal to maternal immunity at the maternal–fetal interface are a reduction in the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules by trophoblast cells, the presence of complement regulators, increased production of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, activation of regulatory T cells, and an increase in immune checkpoints. These immune protections are more similar to the immune responses observed in tumor biology than in allograft biology. The role of immune and nonimmune decidual cells is critical for the regulation of trophoblast invasion and vascular remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries. Regulatory T cells have been found to play an important role in suppressing the effectiveness of other T cells and contributing to local immunotolerance. Decidual natural killer cells have a cytokine profile that is favored by the presence of HLA-G and HLA-E and contributes to vascular remodeling. Studies on the evolution of mammals show that HLA-E, HLA-G, and HLA-C1/C2, which are expressed by trophoblasts and their cognate receptors on decidual natural killer cells, are necessary for the development of a hemochorial placenta with vascular remodeling. The activation or inhibition of decidual natural killer cells depends on the different possible combinations between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, expressed by uterine natural killer cells, and the HLA-C1/C2 antigens, expressed by trophoblasts. Polarization of decidual macrophages in phenotype 2 and decidualization of stromal cells are also essential for high-quality vascular remodeling. Knowledge of the various immunologic mechanisms required for adequate vascular remodeling and their dysfunction in case of preeclampsia opens new avenues of research to identify novel biological markers or therapeutic targets to predict or prevent the onset of preeclampsia