43 research outputs found

    Produção de ålcool etílico de colmos de sorgo sacarino em microdestilaria.

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    A producao de etanol a partir de acucares fermentesciveis de fontes renovaveis de energia, despontou como a mais viavel para substituir os combustiveis derivados de petroleo. As tecnologias para transformar carboidratos em etanol sao bem conhecidos desde longa data, sendo utilizadas como principais fontes de obtencao de acucares fermentesciveis a cana-de-acucar e a beterraba acucareira. Entretanto, nao ha nenhuma limitacao no uso do sorgo sacarino como materia-prima para producao de etanol. Com o aumento do interesse em um melhor uso desta nova fonte de biomassa energetica, informacoes adicionais devem ser obtidas para avaliar o real potencial dessa nova fonte renovavel de energia. Pelo fato de se adaptar as condicoes climaticas diversas, rapido crescimento, moderada exigencia de agua e elevado conteudo de carboidrato, o sorgo sacarino podera vir a se constituir em uma cultura de alto valor para as regioes tropicais e sub-tropicais. Nos experimentos a cultivar de sorgo sacarino BR-505, originaria da cultivar norte-americana Wray, foi plantada nos anos agricolas de 1984/85 e 1985/86, para avaliar o seu comportamento como materia-prima para producao de alcool etilico em microdestilaria. Amostras de colmos foram retiradas por algumas semanas, a partir do aparecimento das paniculas ate que os graos atingissem o estadio firme, que ocorreu 120 dias apos o plantio. Foram determinados nos colmos os teores de acucares redutores, acucares totais e sacarose. O teor em acucares redutores decresceu durante a maturacao do grao, provavelmente pelo fato de ser assimilado na forma de outros metabolicos. O teor em sacarose aumentou significativamente atingindo valores altos quando os graos estavam maduros, bem firmes. Deste modo, e possivel cultivar o sorgo sacarino com dupla finalidade: uso dos colmos para producao de etanol, e uso dos graos para racao animal e/ou consumo humano. Foram obtidos rendimentos de colmos e folhas de 40-50 t.ha no estadio de maturacao completa das paniculas, com uma producao adicional de graos de 2, 5-3, 5 t/ha. Os colmos e folhas foram processadas em uma microdestilaria com sistema de difusao, obtendo-se alta taxa de extracao de acucares fermentesciveis, que permitiu a obtencao de cerca de 50 litros de etanol por tonelada de materia-prima

    Efeito da temperatura no crescimento de Rhizoctonia solani.

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    Suplemento, ref. 466. Edição dos Resumos do 45Âș Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia, Manaus, 2012. CBFito 2012

    A two-scalar model for a small but nonzero cosmological constant

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    We revisit a model of the two-scalar system proposed previously for understanding a small but nonzero cosmological constant. The model provides solutions of the scalar-fields energy ρs\rho_s which behaves truly constant for a limited time interval rather than in the way of tracker- or scaling-type variations. This causes a mini-inflation, as indicated by recent observations. As another novel feature, ρs\rho_s and the ordinary matter density ρm\rho_m fall off always side by side, but interlacing, also like (time)−2^{-2} as an overall behavior in conformity with the scenario of a decaying cosmological constant. A mini-inflation occurs whenever ρs\rho_s overtakes ρm\rho_m, which may happen more than once, shedding a new light on the coincidence problem. We present a new example of the solution, and offer an intuitive interpretation of the mechanism of the nonlinear dynamics. We also discuss a chaos-like nature of the solution.Comment: 9 pages plus 7 figure

    Small Interfering RNA against Transcription Factor STAT6 Leads to Increased Cholesterol Synthesis in Lung Cancer Cell Lines

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    STAT6 transcription factor has become a potential molecule for therapeutic intervention because it regulates broad range of cellular processes in a large variety of cell types. Although some target genes and interacting partners of STAT6 have been identified, its exact mechanism of action needs to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to further characterize the molecular interactions, networks, and functions of STAT6 by profiling the mRNA expression of STAT6 silenced human lung cells (NCI-H460) using microarrays. Our analysis revealed 273 differentially expressed genes after STAT6 silencing. Analysis of the gene expression data with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software revealed Gene expression, Cell death, Lipid metabolism as the functions associated with highest rated network. Cholesterol biosynthesis was among the most enriched pathways in IPA as well as in PANTHER analysis. These results have been validated by real-time PCR and cholesterol assay using scrambled siRNA as a negative control. Similar findings were also observed with human type II pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells, A549. In the present study we have, for the first time, shown the inverse relationship of STAT6 with the cholesterol biosynthesis in lung cancer cells. The present findings are potentially significant to advance the understanding and design of therapeutics for the pathological conditions where both STAT6 and cholesterol biosynthesis are implicated viz. asthma, atherosclerosis etc

    ALMS1 and Alström syndrome: a recessive form of metabolic, neurosensory and cardiac deficits

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