Common bean white mold resistance sources identified by greenhouse screening in Brazil.

The main goal of the present work was to evaluate the reaction of 39 common bean lines to white mold in a greenhouse screening. These bean genotypes include Brazilian cultivars and advanced lines from different market classes, in addition to resistance sources previously reported by CIAT (Cali, Colombia). The effective identification of resistance sources and superior genotypes is a basic and continuous step of breeding efforts aiming to develop/select resistant cultivars to be used in the integrated control of white mold

General and specific combining abilities as an efficient approach to select parents and superior populations for resistance to white mold in common bean.

The objective of this study was to select common bean parents and populations aiming to obtain elite lines resistant to WM by estimating general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for WM severity in three field nurseries carried out in Brazil

Atividade de enzimas ligninocelulolíticas envolvidas na degradação do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar por linhagens fúngicas da Caatinga.

Resumo: Atualmente o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar é o maior resíduo da agroindústria brasileira, assim sendo, de alta importância que sejam desenvolvidas novas utilidades para o uso de tal substrato. Com esse fim, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade ligninocelulolítica de fungos isolados de serrapilheira da Caatinga. A seleção inicial foi feita em meio de cultivo contendo Remazol Brilliant Blue e observado o crescimento e a degradação de bagaço de cana com e sem tratamento químico. Destes, foi selecionada a linhagem fúngica 3.3 F2 na qual se observou uma atividade enzimática maior. Este isolado apresentou as seguintes atividades enzimáticas: Lignina Peroxidase (4,9046 U.L-1), Lacase (54,9148 U.L-1), Endoglucanase (4,4966 U.L-1), ?-glicosidase (5,1494 U.L-1) sendo que não foi verificada nenhuma atividade para as enzimas Manganês Peroxidase e Xilanase. Observou-se que a atividade enzimática foi maior no resíduo sem tratamento, em relação ao resíduo tratado. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a possibilidade da substituição do uso de enzimas, por linhagens fúngicas produtoras das mesmas para otimização do processo de produção de etanol de segunda geração. Abstract: Sugar cane bagasse nowadays is one of the biggest waste produced by Brazilian agroindustry, becoming relevant the development of new uses for it. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lignocellulolytic activity in sugar cane bagasse of fungi isolated from litter in Caatinga biome. Screening was performed on Petri dishes, where 4 isolates were selected for quantification of lignolytic enzyme by discoloration of Remazol Brilliant Blue, with growth observation and degradation of sugarcane bagasse with and without chemical treatment. From the fungal isolates, strain 3.3 F-2 showed increased activity and was selected for evaluation of lignocellulolytic enzymes. It showed the following enzymatic activities: LigninPeroxidase (4.9046 U.L-1), Laccase (54.9148 U.L 1), endoglucanase (4.4966 U.L-1), β-glucosidase (5.1494 U.L-1) and Manganese Peroxidase and Xylanase displayed no activity. The enzymes showed higher activity with the untreated material. These results suggest the possibility of replacing the use of enzymes for enzyme-producing fungal strains to optimize the process of ethanol production