42,786 research outputs found
Underwater simulation of a lunar-surface traverse
Underwater simulation of lunar surface travers
Shock reflection and surface effects in the shock tube
A thin-film resistance thermometer, mounted on
the end-wall of a shock tube, is used to record
surface temperatures and heat transfer rates following
reflection of the primary shock wave.
This information is combined with the results of
theoretical investigations to produce simultaneous
information about surface accommodation effects and
gas thermal conductivities at high pressures and
moderate temperatures
Finding symmetry in models of concurrent systems by static channel diagram analysis
Over the last decade there has been much interest in exploiting symmetry to combat the state explosion problem in model checking. Although symmetry in a model often arises as a result of symmetry in the topology of the system being modelled, most model checkers which exploit structural symmetry are limited to topologies which exhibit total symmetries, such as stars and cliques. We define the static channel diagram of a concurrent, message passing program, and show that under certain restrictions there is a correspondence between symmetries of the static channel diagram of a program and symmetries of the Kripke structure associated with the program. This allows the detection, and potential exploitation, of structural symmetry in systems with arbitrary topologies. Our method of symmetry detection can handle mobile systems where channel references are passed on channels, resulting in a dynamic communication structure. We illustrate our results with an example using the Promela modelling language
Hybrid superconducting quantum magnetometer
A superconducting quantum magnetometer based on magnetic flux-driven
modulation of the density of states of a proximized metallic nanowire is
theoretically analyzed. With optimized geometrical and material parameters
transfer functions up to a few mV/Phi_0 and intrinsic flux noise ~10^{-9}Phi_0
Hz^{-1/2} below 1 K are achievable. The opportunity to access single-spin
detection joined with limited dissipation (of the order of ~ 10^{-14} W) make
this magnetometer interesting for the investigation of the switching dynamics
of molecules or individual magnetic nanoparticles.Comment: 6 pages, 6 color figures, added calculation of the Josephson current,
published versio
Perceived noisiness under anechoic, semi-reverberant and earphone listening conditions
Magnitude estimates by each of 31 listeners were obtained for a variety of noise sources under three methods of stimuli presentation: loudspeaker presentation in an anechoic chamber, loudspeaker presentation in a normal semi-reverberant room, and earphone presentation. Comparability of ratings obtained in these environments were evaluated with respect to predictability of ratings from physical measures, reliability of ratings, and to the scale values assigned to various noise stimuli. Acoustic environment was found to have little effect upon physical predictive measures and ratings of perceived noisiness were little affected by the acoustic environment in which they were obtained. The need for further study of possible differing interactions between judged noisiness of steady state sound and the methods of magnitude estimation and paired comparisons is indicated by the finding that in these tests the subjects, though instructed otherwise, apparently judged the maximum rather than the effective magnitude of steady-state noises
Ageing of Natural Rubber under Stress
We report a dynamical-mechanical study of stress relaxation at small
deformation in a natural (polyisoprene) rubber well above its glass transition
temperature Tg. We find that an almost complete relaxation of stress takes
place over very long periods of time, even though the elastic network integrity
is fully retained. The relaxation rate and the long-time equilibrium modulus
are sensitive functions of temperature which do not follow time-temperature
superposition. Many characteristic features of non-ergodic ageing response are
apparent at both short and very long times. We interpret the observed behaviour
in terms of the properties of rubber crosslinks, capable of isomerisation under
stress, and relate the results to recent models of soft glassy rheology.Comment: Latex 2e (EPJ style), 5 EPS figure
The methods of paired comparisons and magnitude estimation in judging the noisiness of aircraft
The point of subjective equality in regard to perceived noisiness for each of 14 pairs of aircraft noises was obtained using both magnitude estimation technique and the method of paired comparisons. Both methods gave approximately the same estimates of the points of subjective equality for the noise pairs, and both showed similar correspondence to predictive physical measures. Nevertheless, the two methods appear to have greater face validity to the listeners. However, the magnitude estimation technique appears to be more efficient; for a given level of reliability it requires approximately 50% of the testing time required by the paired comparison method. The functions relating physical intensity to the estimated magnitude of subjective noisiness had slopes ranging from about .61 to .29 for the aircraft noises employed in this study, indicating a required change of about 5 to 10 db for a doubling in subjective magnitude. Some physical units of noise measurement were found to be very predictive (standard errors of estimate as low as 1.9 db) of the subjective judgements of noisiness
Vehicle infrastructure cooperative localization using Factor Graphs
Highly assisted and Autonomous Driving is dependent on the accurate localization of both the vehicle and other targets within the environment. With increasing traffic on roads and wider proliferation of low cost sensors, a vehicle-infrastructure cooperative localization scenario can provide improved performance over traditional mono-platform localization. The paper highlights the various challenges in the process and proposes a solution based on Factor Graphs which utilizes the concept of topology of vehicles. A Factor Graph represents probabilistic graphical model as a bipartite graph. It is used to add the inter-vehicle distance as constraints while localizing the vehicle. The proposed solution is easily scalable for many vehicles without increasing the execution complexity. Finally simulation indicates that incorporating the topology information as a state estimate can improve performance over the traditional Kalman Filter approac
Development of a simulation-based decision support tool for renewable energy integration and demand-supply matching
This paper describes a simulation-based decision support tool, MERIT, which has been developed to assist in the assessment of renewable energy systems by focusing on the degree of match achievable between energy demand and supply. Models are described for the prediction of the performance of PV, wind and battery technologies. These models are based on manufacturers' specifications, location-related parameters and hourly weather data. The means of appraising the quality of match is outlined and examples are given of the application of the tool at the individual building and community levels
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