The association between empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and metabolic phenotypes in overweight/obese adults

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate whether diet-induced inflammation assessed by Empirical DietaryInflammatory Pattern (EDIP) is associated with odds of unhealthy metabolic phenotype and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 403 overweight/obese individuals recruited from employees of two pharmaceutical companies in Iran. The weighted intake of 15 food groups was summed to construct EDIP and metabolic phenotypes were defined based on MetS criteria. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and marital status, the odds of unhealthy phenotype increased significantly from quartile 1 to quartile 4 (P-trend = 0.013). However, the association became non-significant after adjusting for energy intake. Compared to those in the lowest quartile, individuals with higher EDIP scores had higher odds of high fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P-trend = 0.031) and low HDL-C (P-trend = 0.036) after adjusting for all covariates. By adding energy intake into the model, an inverse association was observed between EDIP, waist circumference (WC), and odds of high WC. Conclusions: A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with higher odds of unhealthy phenotype, high FBS, and low-HDL-C in overweight/obese individuals. However, the association with unhealthy phenotype seems to be dependent on the energy intake. © 2018, International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

The association between empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and metabolic phenotypes in overweight/obese adults

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate whether diet-induced inflammation assessed by Empirical DietaryInflammatory Pattern (EDIP) is associated with odds of unhealthy metabolic phenotype and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 403 overweight/obese individuals recruited from employees of two pharmaceutical companies in Iran. The weighted intake of 15 food groups was summed to construct EDIP and metabolic phenotypes were defined based on MetS criteria. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and marital status, the odds of unhealthy phenotype increased significantly from quartile 1 to quartile 4 (P-trend = 0.013). However, the association became non-significant after adjusting for energy intake. Compared to those in the lowest quartile, individuals with higher EDIP scores had higher odds of high fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P-trend = 0.031) and low HDL-C (P-trend = 0.036) after adjusting for all covariates. By adding energy intake into the model, an inverse association was observed between EDIP, waist circumference (WC), and odds of high WC. Conclusions: A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with higher odds of unhealthy phenotype, high FBS, and low-HDL-C in overweight/obese individuals. However, the association with unhealthy phenotype seems to be dependent on the energy intake. © 2018, International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Nutrient patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study

Background: The present study aimed to assess the relation between nutrient patterns and changes in adult anthropometric and cardiometabolic factors. Methods: This study was conducted on 1637 adults participating in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2005-2008), who were free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer and had completed dietary data. They were followed to the next survey (2008-2011). Dietary intakes were collected and nutrient patterns were obtained. Three year changes in anthropometric and cardiometabolic factors were measured. Results: Five nutrient patterns were extracted. The first pattern was characterized by "plant protein, thiamine, niacin, and minerals including phosphorus, zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, and selenium". Animal protein, lactose, vitamin D, riboflavine, pantothenic acid, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, and zinc" were loaded in the second pattern. The third and fourth patterns were characterized by "vitamin K, fiber, calcium, iron, manganese, and potassium", and "high correlation with starch, thiamine and folate, and negative correlation with mono and poly unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E", respectively. The fifth pattern was high in Fructose, vitamins A, C, pyridoxine, and potassium. There was no association between nutrient patterns and 3-year changes in blood pressure and fasting blood glucose; whereas, per each quartile increment of the fifth pattern adjusted for potential confounders, triglyceride change was decreased β = - 3.66, 95% CI (- 6.57, - 0.57); P for trend = 0.014. Conclusion: Present study indicates that nutrient patterns may have an association with cardiometabolic factors, particularly a pattern rich in fructose, vitamins A, C, pyridoxine, and potassium which decreases triglyceride level. © 2020 The Author(s)

A nutrient pattern characterized by vitamin A, C, B6, potassium, and fructose is associated with reduced risk of insulin�related disorders: A prospective study among participants of Tehran lipid and glucose study

Background: Insulin-related disorders, including insulin resistance, insulin insensitivity, and insulinemia, is considered early predictors of major chronic disease risk. Using a set of correlated nutrient as nutrient patterns to explore the diet-disease relationship has drawn more attention recently. We aimed to investigate the association of nutrient patterns and insulin markers� changes prospectively among adults who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Methods: For the present study, 995 men and women aged 30�75 years, with complete information on insulin and dietary intake in survey III TLGS, were selected and followed three years until survey IV. Dietary intakes at baseline were assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). We extracted five dominant patterns based on the scree plot and categorized them into quartiles. Linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between Nutrient patterns and three-year insulin markers changes, including fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-S. Results: The mean (SD) age and BMI of participants (43.1 male) were 46.2(10.9) year and 28.0(4.7) kg/m2, respectively. The median (IQR, 25, 75) of 3 years changes of insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-S were 0.35 (� 1.71, 2.67) mU/mL, 0.25 (� 0.28, 0.84) and � 6.60 (� 22.8, 7.76), respectively. In the fully adjusted model for potential confounders, per each quartile increment of the fifth nutrient pattern, the β coefficients (95 CI) of changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-S were � 0.36 (� 0.62, � 0.10); P value = 0.007, -0.10 (-0.19, -0.01); P value = 0.022, and 1.92 (0.18, 3.66); P value = 0.030, respectively. There were no significant association between other nutrient patterns and insulin related indices. Conclusions: Present study showed that high adherence to a nutrient pattern rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, pyridoxine, potassium, and fructose is inversely associated with 3-years changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, and directly associated with HOMA-S. © 2021, The Author(s)

Fungal peritonitis in Iranian children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a national experience.

INTRODUCTION. Fungal peritonitis (FP), causing catheter obstruction, dialysis failure, and peritoneal dysfunction, is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. In this study, the frequency and risk factors of FP are evaluated in children who underwent peritoneal dialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective multicenter study was performed at the 5 pediatric peritoneal dialysis centers in Iran from 1971 to 2006, and FP episodes among 93 children were reviewed. Risk ratios were calculated for the clinical and demographic variables to determine the risk factors of FP. RESULTS. Ninety-three children aged 39 months on average were included in study. Sixteen out of 155 episodes of peritonitis were fungi infections, all by Candida albicans. The risk of FP was higher in those with relapsing bacterial peritonitis (P = .009). Also, all of the patients had received antibiotics within the 1 month prior to the development of FP. Catheters were removed in all patients after 1 to 7 days of developing FP. Six out of 12 patients had catheter obstruction and peritoneal loss after the treatment and 5 died due to infection. CONCLUSIONS. Fungal peritonitis, accompanied by high morbidity and mortality in children should be reduced by prevention of bacterial peritonitis. Early removal of catheter after recognition of FP should be considered

Fungal peritonitis in Iranian children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a national experience.

INTRODUCTION. Fungal peritonitis (FP), causing catheter obstruction, dialysis failure, and peritoneal dysfunction, is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. In this study, the frequency and risk factors of FP are evaluated in children who underwent peritoneal dialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective multicenter study was performed at the 5 pediatric peritoneal dialysis centers in Iran from 1971 to 2006, and FP episodes among 93 children were reviewed. Risk ratios were calculated for the clinical and demographic variables to determine the risk factors of FP. RESULTS. Ninety-three children aged 39 months on average were included in study. Sixteen out of 155 episodes of peritonitis were fungi infections, all by Candida albicans. The risk of FP was higher in those with relapsing bacterial peritonitis (P = .009). Also, all of the patients had received antibiotics within the 1 month prior to the development of FP. Catheters were removed in all patients after 1 to 7 days of developing FP. Six out of 12 patients had catheter obstruction and peritoneal loss after the treatment and 5 died due to infection. CONCLUSIONS. Fungal peritonitis, accompanied by high morbidity and mortality in children should be reduced by prevention of bacterial peritonitis. Early removal of catheter after recognition of FP should be considered