495 research outputs found
Probability current in zero-spin relativistic quantum mechanics
We show that the antisymmetric spinor tensor representation of spin-0
relativistic quantum mechanics provides a conserved current with positive
definite timelike component, interpretable as probability density. The
construction runs in complete analogy to the spin-1/2 case, and provides an
analogously natural one-particle Hilbert space description for spin 0. Except
for the free particle, the obtained formulation proves to be inequivalent to
the one based on the Klein--Gordon equation. The second quantized version may
lead to new field theoretical interaction terms for zero-spin particles.Comment: 9 pages, no figures; material presented at the Zim\'anyi School,
December 7-11, 2015, Budapest, Hungar
Wave Propagation in Rocks â Investigating the Effect of Rheology
Rocks exhibit beyond-Hookean, delayed and damped elastic, behaviour (creep, relaxation etc.). In many cases, the PoyntingâThomsonâZener (PTZ) rheological model proves to describe these phenomena successfully. A forecast of the PTZ model is that the dynamic elasticity coefficients are larger than the static (slow-limit) counterparts. This prediction has recently been confirmed on a large variety of rock types. Correspondingly, according to the model, the speed of wave propagation depends on frequency, the high-frequency limit being larger than the low-frequency limit. This frequency dependence can have a considerable influence on the evaluation of various wave-based measurement methods of rock mechanics. As experience shows, commercial finite element softwares are not able to properly describe wave propagation, even for the Hooke model and simple specimen geometries, the seminal numerical artefacts being instability, dissipation error and dispersion error, respectively. This has motivated research on developing reliable numerical methods, which amalgamate beneficial properties of symplectic schemes, their thermodynamically consistent generalization (including contact geometry), and spacetime aspects. The present work reports on new results obtained by such a numerical scheme, on wave propagation according to the PTZ model, in one space dimension. The simulation outcomes coincide nicely with the theoretically obtained phase velocity prediction
AMPLIFIER SLEW RATE AND FREQUENCY DEPENDENT GAIN EFFECTS IN SWITCHED-CAPACITOR CIRCUITS
The transient behaviour ofthe MOS SC integrators containing a two-stage pole-splitting
compensated op amp is analyzed. A nonlinear two-pole op amp model is used in the analysis.
Analytical expressions for the SC integrator response and settling time are derived. A design
example is given where these results are used to minimize the integrator settling time
Elastic, thermal expansion, plastic and rheological processes - theory and experiment
Rocks are important examples for solid materials where, in various
engineering situations, elastic, thermal expansion, rheological/viscoelastic
and plastic phenomena each may play a remarkable role. Nonequilibrium continuum
thermodynamics provides a consistent way to describe all these aspects in a
unified framework. This we present here in a formulation where the kinematic
quantities allow arbitrary nonzero initial (e.g., in situ) stresses and such
initial configurations which - as a consequence of thermal or remanent stresses
- do not satisfy the kinematic compatibility condition. The various
characteristic effects accounted by the obtained theory are illustrated via
experimental results where loaded solid samples undergo elastic, thermal
expansion and plastic deformation and exhibit rheological behaviour. From the
experimental data, the rheological coefficients are determined, and the
measured temperature changes are also explained by the theory.Comment: 15 pages, to appear in Period. Polytech. Civil En
VĂGES RUGALMAS ĂS KĂPLĂKENY DEFORMĂCIĂK LEĂRĂSA
A szilĂĄrd közegek vĂ©ges rugalmas Ă©s kĂ©plĂ©keny deformĂĄciĂłinak mĂĄig ismert leĂrĂĄsai szĂĄmos fizikai szempontbĂłl nem kielĂ©gĂtĆek (sĆt, nem elfogadhatĂłak). E tanulsĂĄgokat leszƱrve, jelen ĂrĂĄs egy olyan tĂĄrgyalĂĄsmĂłdot Ă©pĂt ki, amely mentes mindezektĆl a problĂ©mĂĄktĂłl
VĂ©ges rugalmas Ă©s kĂ©plĂ©keny deformĂĄciĂłk leĂrĂĄsa
A szilĂĄrd közegek vĂ©ges rugalmas Ă©s kĂ©plĂ©keny deformĂĄciĂłinak mĂĄig ismert leĂrĂĄsai szĂĄmos fizikai szempontbĂłl nem kielĂ©gĂtĆek (sĆt, nem elfogadhatĂłak). E tanulsĂĄgokat leszƱrve, jelen ĂrĂĄs egy olyan tĂĄrgyalĂĄsmĂłdot Ă©pĂt ki, amely mentes mindezektĆl a problĂ©mĂĄktĂłl
SzilĂĄrdtest-reolĂłgiai idĆfĂŒggĂ©s meghatĂĄrozĂĄsa a Volterra-elv ĂĄltal inspirĂĄlva
A Volterra-elv egy olyan mĂłdszer, mellyel egy lineĂĄris reolĂłgiai anyagtörvĂ©nyƱ szilĂĄrd közeg mechanikai folyamatĂĄt egy egyszerƱbb feladat: a megfelelĆ Hooke-rugalmassĂĄgtani problĂ©ma megoldĂĄsĂĄbĂłl szĂĄrmaztathatjuk. A Volterra-elv sajnos korlĂĄtozott Ă©rvĂ©nyessĂ©gi körƱ, pĂ©ldĂĄul idĆfĂŒggĆ peremfeltĂ©telek esetĂ©n â Ăgy pĂ©ldĂĄul egy alagĂștnyitĂĄs okozta reolĂłgiai idĆfĂŒggĂ©s meghatĂĄrozĂĄsĂĄra â nem alkalmazhatĂł. Ad azonban egy ötletet: a Hooke-ĂĄllandĂłk idĆfĂŒggĆvĂ© tĂ©telĂ©t, mellyel bizonyos idĆfĂŒggĆ peremfeltĂ©telƱ reolĂłgiai problĂ©mĂĄk megoldhatĂłak, amint azt itt kĂ©t alagĂștnyitĂĄsi pĂ©ldĂĄn bemutatjuk. A mĂłdszer ĂĄltalĂĄnosĂtĂĄsĂĄval a jövĆben remĂ©lhetĆleg bonyolultabb, csak
numerikusan kezelhetĆ Hooke-feladatok reolĂłgiai kiterjesztĂ©sei is megoldhatĂłk lesznek â e törekvĂ©sĂŒnkhöz a motivĂĄciĂłt Marta DoleĆŸalovĂĄ munkĂĄssĂĄga adta
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