Комплексный подход к борьбе с асфальтосмолопарафиновыми отложениями на Ванкорском нефтегазовом месторождении (Красноярский край)

Определены наиболее эффективные растворители для удаления промысловых АСПО при низких температурах. Проанализированы условия влияния растворителей на процессы кристаллизации и плавления промысловых парафинов в АСПО. Предложен комплекс мероприятий, направленных на борьбу с асфальтосмолопарафиновыми отложениями на Ванкорском месторождении.The most effective solvents for the removal of industrial ARPD at low temperatures have been determined. The conditions for the influence of solvents on the crystallization and melting of commercial paraffins in ARPD are analyzed. A set of measures is proposed to combat asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits in the Vankor field

Depression - A Major Contributor to Poor Quality of Life in Patients With Advanced Cancer

This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Context Quality of life (QoL) and depression are important patient-reported outcomes in cancer care. However, the relative importance of depression severity in predicting QoL remains unclear because of few methodologically sound studies. Objectives To examine whether depression contributes to impairment of QoL irrespective of prognostic factors and symptom burden. Methods A total of 563 patients were included from the European Palliative Care Research Collaborative–Computerized Symptom Assessment Study, an international, multi-center, cross-sectional study. The relative importance of prognostic factors (systemic inflammation [modified Glasgow Prognostic Score—mGPS]), co-morbidities and physical performance (Karnofsky Performance Status), symptom burden (loss of appetite, breathlessness, nausea [Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale], and pain [Brief Pain Inventory]), and depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire 9) in predicting Global Health/QoL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire [EORTC-QLQ-C30]) were assessed using hierarchical multiple regression models. Results Fifty-five percent were women, median age was 64 years, 87% had metastatic disease, median Karnofsky Performance Status was 70, and mean global QoL was 50.5 (SD = 23.3). Worse QoL was associated with increased systemic inflammation (mGPS = 1 β = −0.12, P = 0.003; mGPS = 2 β = −0.09, P = 0.023), lower physical performance (β = 0.17, P < 0.001), reduced appetite (β = −0.15, P < 0.001), breathlessness (β = −0.11, P = 0.004), pain (β = −0.14, P = 0.002), and higher depression severity (β = −0.27, P < 0.001). The full model accounted for 29% of the observed variance in QoL scores. The strongest predictor was depression severity, accounting for 5.8% of the variance. Conclusion Depression severity was the strongest single predictor of poorer QoL in this sample of patients with advanced cancer, after accounting for a wide range of clinically relevant variables. Future studies should investigate the contribution of psychosocial variables on QoL. Our findings emphasize the importance of managing depression to achieve the best possible QoL for these patients

Depression—A Major Contributor to Poor Quality of Life in Patients With Advanced Cancer

© 2017 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Context Quality of life (QoL) and depression are important patient-reported outcomes in cancer care. However, the relative importance of depression severity in predicting QoL remains unclear because of few methodologically sound studies. Objectives To examine whether depression contributes to impairment of QoL irrespective of prognostic factors and symptom burden. Methods A total of 563 patients were included from the European Palliative Care Research Collaborative–Computerized Symptom Assessment Study, an international, multi-center, cross-sectional study. The relative importance of prognostic factors (systemic inflammation [modified Glasgow Prognostic Score—mGPS]), co-morbidities and physical performance (Karnofsky Performance Status), symptom burden (loss of appetite, breathlessness, nausea [Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale], and pain [Brief Pain Inventory]), and depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire 9) in predicting Global Health/QoL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire [EORTC-QLQ-C30]) were assessed using hierarchical multiple regression models. Results Fifty-five percent were women, median age was 64 years, 87% had metastatic disease, median Karnofsky Performance Status was 70, and mean global QoL was 50.5 (SD = 23.3). Worse QoL was associated with increased systemic inflammation (mGPS = 1 β = −0.12, P = 0.003; mGPS = 2 β = −0.09, P = 0.023), lower physical performance (β = 0.17, P < 0.001), reduced appetite (β = −0.15, P < 0.001), breathlessness (β = −0.11, P = 0.004), pain (β = −0.14, P = 0.002), and higher depression severity (β = −0.27, P < 0.001). The full model accounted for 29% of the observed variance in QoL scores. The strongest predictor was depression severity, accounting for 5.8% of the variance. Conclusion Depression severity was the strongest single predictor of poorer QoL in this sample of patients with advanced cancer, after accounting for a wide range of clinically relevant variables. Future studies should investigate the contribution of psychosocial variables on QoL. Our findings emphasize the importance of managing depression to achieve the best possible QoL for these patients

Patient-focused endpoints in advanced cancer: criterion-based validation of accelerometer-based activity monitoring

Background and aims: Objective assessment of daily physical activity (PA) by body-worn accelerometers offers potential as a novel endpoint in the clinical management of advanced cancer patients. This study aimed to assess criterion-based validity of an accelerometer-based activity monitoring system (AM-system), ActivPAL&#8482;, using two different methods. &lt;p/&gt;Methods: Advanced cancer in patients and outpatients (Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) 40–100). ActivPAL&#8482; measurements were validated against (i) observations and (ii) energy expenditure (EE) measured by 2-week doubly-labelled water (DLW) protocol. &lt;p/&gt;Results: Absolute errors for mean time spent in different body positions (&#60;0.1%) and number of transfers (0%) were low. Step count error was significantly higher in patients with KPS 40–60 (non-self caring) compared to KPS 70–100 (self-caring) (33 vs. 24%, p = 0.006). Post-hoc mathematical analysis demonstrated that absolute errors for the mean energy expenditure of activity (EEA) (1.4%) and mean total EE (0.4%) were low, but agreement was also low. &lt;p/&gt;Conclusions: AM-systems provide valid estimates of body positions and transfers, but not step count, especially in non-self caring patients. ActivPAL&#8482; can derive estimates of EE but there is considerable variability in results, which is consistent, in part, with the inaccuracy in step count. Further studies are required to assess the validity of different endpoints derived from AM-systems in advanced cancer patients