Smart City e tecnologie innovative per la sicurezza della gestione dei flussi pedonali in attraversamento delle strade urbane

Con la Comunicazione al Parlamento Europeo, al Consiglio, al Comitato Economico e Sociale Europeo e al Comitato delle Regioni COM (2009) 519 final \u201cInvesting in the development of Low Carbon Technologies (SET \u2013 Plan)\u201d la Commissione Europea ha lanciato l\u2019iniziativa Smart Cities \u2013 Citt\ue0 intelligenti \u2013 che sosterr\ue0 le citt\ue0 con maggiori ambizioni e pionieristiche che intendono incrementare l\u2019efficienza energetica dei propri edifici, delle reti energetiche e dei sistemi di trasporto in modo tale da ridurre, entro il 2020, del 40% le proprie emissioni di gas serra.In questo ambito il concetto di SMART CITY non deve ridursi solo, nel campo della mobilit\ue0, all\u2019innovazione nei veicoli stradali (navigatori intelligenti, ausilio al parcheggio ed al monitoraggio degli ostacoli) e nei sistemi di telecomunicazione e guida (info parcheggi, info reti TPL). La citt\ue0 intelligente deve utilizzare le tecnologie pi\uf9 avanzate per restituire gli spazi urbani alle persone, per consentirgli spostamenti ciclabili sicuri e gradevoli, per incrementare i percorsi a piedi in spazi assistiti.In questo nuovo contesto la presente memoria tratta i nuovi strumenti di Information Technology e gli ITS (intelligent Transport Systems) disponibili sul mercato e prevedibili a breve e le possibili applicazioni delle tecnologie innovative per l\u2019assistenza ai flussi pedonali e ciclabili con particolare riferimento agli attraversamenti stradali

Intercontinental freight transport impacts: modeling and measuring choice effects

This paper brings to the topic of world shipments an investigation of more efficient multimodal routes from the commercial (time and consumption costs) and environmental (impacts) points of view. In particular, the freight relations existing between Asia and Europe, through the Suez Canal, have been investigated because of the constant growth of these relations, despite the Europe-America ones. European destinations are reached by alternative paths, which use road or railway connections starting from the main Mediterranean (Genova, Venezia, Trieste) or North European (Antwerp, Rotterdam, Hamburg, Bremerhaven) ports. Environmental and commercial index values, evaluated for each possible route through an original software (written in the APL code), allow a comparison in order to identify which is the most sustainable transport chain relating to the different destinations. These results could be useful to re-organize a freight network in terms of managing and adjusting the existing infrastructures in order to obtain lower environmental impacts

BIG EVENTS AND TRANSPORT: the transportation requirements for the management of large scale event

The 7th annual Conference on Transportation studies, organized by research unit TTL- Transport Territory and Logistics of the Iuav University of Venice, examined the problems related to the mobility during the mass events. The conference discussed on the new infrastructures and services required to satisfy the peak of demand during the event and the way to convert them to the standard requirements of the area after the event is over. An event can be defined a mass event both in absolute and in relative terms compared to the size of the city and its transportation issues. Examples of this can be provided by the Olympic games and Other sport events, the Expos and the international Fairs, concerts, religious events and so on. The first day of the conference focused on the comparison between decision makers at national and regional levels. This book presents the proceedings of the second day of the conference (Scientific Seminar) and covers the fields of: - the case studies and a critical review of the past big events in the vision of the future ones - the analysis of the mobility issues in the case of large events (demand forecast and models) - upgrading and downgrading the transport systems ␣ projects and scenarios - master plan and evaluation models

The scent of the others: Chemical recognition in two distinct populations of the European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus

Isolated populations of a given species may diverge from conspecifics for a certain series of traits. It is of particular interest when this divergence involves the signals and the related responses used by sexually reproducing animals to identify prospective mating partners. Using behavioural trials during reproductive season, we studied pheromone-mediated response between insular and mainland European whip snakes, Hierophis viridiflavus. Our results revealed that both insular and mainland males can utilise both homotypic and heterotypic chemical cues. However, while insular snakes did not show any preference between the two types of chemical cues, mainland males preferred homotypic odours. These results, though preliminarly, show the existence of asymmetry in the displayed behavioural patterns and support the idea that isolated populations may evolve differences in communication systems

Similar cardiovascular and autonomic responses in trained type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy participants in response to half marathon

AIMS: This field experiment examined whether trained people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) have similar cardiovascular and baroreflex alterations after a 21-km running race when compared to healthy people. METHODS: Nine T1D (39.0 \ub1 11.1 yr; 175.0 \ub1 10.2 cm; 70.8 \ub1 8.7 kg) were matched with 9 healthy participants (42.4 \ub1 5.8 yr; 175.7 \ub1 6.7 cm; 72.1 \ub1 8.5 kg) who ran an official half-marathon. Before and 1-hour after the race, cardiovascular variables, sympathetic activity (catecholamines), parasympathetic (heart rate variability analysis) modulation and cardiac baroreflex function (transfer function analysis) were assessed during supine rest and a squat stand test (forced blood pressure change). RESULTS: Performance time and weight loss [104.0 \ub1 13.2 and 111.0 \ub1 18.7 min; -2.57 \ub1 1.05 kg (-1.88 \ub1 0.88%) and -2.29 \ub1 1.15 kg (-1.59 \ub1 0.59%)] for healthy and T1D participants, respectively) were similar. Before running, no significant differences in any cardiovascular or autonomic variables were noted between the groups. After 1 h of recovery, both groups exhibited post-exercise hypotension, accompanied by increased sympathetic activity, decreased parasympathetic modulation, and reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the pattern of change in cardiovascular and autonomic nervous activity to strenuous exercise are well maintained in T1D participants with a training history of at least 5 years