The effect of frozen storage on lipids and fatty acids content in Atlantic salmon. Case study

Being a species appreciated in all parts of the world, the demand for salmon will always be high. Keeping frozen in the entire period of distribution and handling is a way to increase "shelf life". During cold storage, fish fat can be altered. The purpose of the paper is to determine the effect of cold preservation on the quality of salmon fat. These were evidenced by laboratory tests and by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. It was analysed the samples of refrigerated and frozen fish (preserved at -20ºC, five days) from the same batch. The amount of determined lipids confirms the literature data (26%), respectively 24.99% in the fresh fish and 27.23% in the frozen fish. In frozen fish the amount of oleic acid (MUFA) extracted is higher, to the detriment of linoleic acid (PUFA). The same trend was observed for the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Most fatty acids of frozen fish were monounsaturated fatty acids (43.99%), followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (38.74%) and saturated fatty acids (19.56%). These data highlight that frozen fish, even for a short period of time (5 days), alters the content of essential fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids

Study about thoracic perimeter average performances in Romanian Hucul horse breed – Prislop bloodline

Study of average performances in a population have a huge importance because, regarding a population, the average of phenotypic value is equal with average of genotypic value. So, the studies of the average value of characters offer us an idea about the population genetic level. The biological material is represented by 93 hucul horse from Prislop bloodline divided in 3 stallion families analyzed at 18, 30 and 42 months old, owned by Lucina hucul stood farm. The average performances for thoracic perimeter was 148.55 cm. at 18 months, 160.44 at 30 months old and 167.77 cm. at 42 months old. We can observe a good growth rate from one age to another and a small differences between sexes. The average performances of the character are between characteristic limits of the breed

Transforming <i>Rhodotorula</i> sp. Biomass to Active Biologic Compounds for Poultry Nutrition

In broiler chick-rearing, the color is usually acquired by synthetic carotenoids in addition to broiler diets (25–80 mg/kg feed), often represented by β-apo-8′-carotenal. In the past fifteen years, the demand for organic food products originating from free-range reared chicks started to grow, with a more directed awareness of the quality of meat and egg. Various investigations have been reporting microorganisms, such as the oleaginous red yeasts genus Rhodotorula sp., as fast-growing unicellular eukaryotes able to synthesize natural pigments. Rhodotorula sp. represents a perfect choice as a natural resource due to the capacity to adapt easily to the environment valuing low-cost sources of nutrients for their metabolism and growth. The biodiversity and the ecology effects establish novel boundaries regarding Rhodotorula sp. productivity enhancement and control of biological risks. It is, therefore, necessary to review the current knowledge on the carotenoid synthesis of Rhodotorula sp. In this paper, we aimed to address the pathways of obtaining valuable yeast carotenoids in different conditions, discussing yeast biosynthesis, bioengineering fermentative evaluation, carotenoid extraction, and the techno-economic implication of valuable pigment additives on poultry nutrition. Finally, the pro-existent gaps in research are highlighted, which may clear the air on future studies for bio-carotenoid engineering

Antioxidants in Hops: Bioavailability, Health Effects and Perspectives for New Products

Hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) has been used by humans for ages, presumably first as a herbal remedy, then in the manufacturing of different products, from which beer is the most largely consumed. Female hops cones have different useful chemical compounds, an important class being antioxidants, mainly polyphenols. This narrative review describes the main antioxidants in hops, their bioavailability and biological effects, and the results obtained by now in the primary and secondary prevention of several non-communicable diseases, such as the metabolic syndrome related diseases and oncology. This article presents in vitro and in vivo data in order to better understand what was accomplished in terms of knowledge and practice, and what needs to be clarified by additional studies, mainly regarding xantohumol and its derivates, as well as regarding the bitter acids of hops. The multiple protective effects found by different studies are hindered up to now by the low bioavailability of some of the main antioxidants in hops. However, there are new promising products with important health effects and perspectives of use as food supplements, in a market where consumers increasingly search for products originating directly from plants

Study about Thoracic Perimeter Average Performances in Romanian Hucul Horse Breed – Prislop Bloodline

Study of average performances in a population have a huge importance because, regarding a population, the average of phenotypic value is equal with average of genotypic value. So, the studies of the average value of characters offer us an idea about the population genetic level. The biological material was represented by 93 Hucul horses from Prislop bloodline, divided in 3 stallion families analyzed at 18, 30 and 42 months of age, owned by Lucina Hucul Stud Farm. The average performances for thoracic perimeter were 148.55 cm at 18 months, 160.44 cm at 30 months and 167.77 cm at 42 months of age. We can observe a good growth rate from one age to another and a small differences between sexes. The average performances of the character are between characteristic limits of the breed

Determination of the Ascorbic Acid Content and the Antioxidant Activity of Different Varieties of Vegetables Consumed in Romania, from Farmers and Supermarkets

Vitamin C sustains the health of the human organism. It reduces the risk of chronic diseases and it can help to control arterial hypertension. In addition, it prevents and reduces the risk of developing various heart diseases, it normalizes the level of uric acid in the blood, it can help with the prevention of gout attacks, it helps to prevent iron deficiency and strengthens the immune system. Considering these aspects, it can be stated that a diet rich in vitamin C plays an essential role in a person’s daily food intake. Within the present study, we identified the content of vitamin C in various types of bell peppers and tomatoes consumed in Romania. The vitamin C content was determined by using the titration and the iodometric methods. The research results pointed out that the content of vitamin C in the analyzed bell peppers is between 4.693 and 11.264 mg/ 100 g, and in the analyzed tomatoes is between 0.939 and 4.639 mg/100 g. The antioxidant activity was studied as well, by using the DPPH radical and the Trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity (TEAC). The antioxidant activity was correlated with the content of ascorbic acid, present in the samples. The studies revealed that the vegetables bought from the farmers had a higher content of vitamin C than the ones bought from the supermarkets. This aspect was also confirmed by their increased antioxidant activity, which points out that the local vegetables are a rich source of natural antioxidants, which can be used to prevent various health conditions caused by oxidative stress

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR REMOVING NITROGEN COMPOUNDS FROM WATER OF RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS USING CLINOPTILOLITE NATURAL ZEOLITES

From the constructive and functional point of view, a controlled aquaculture system can be assimilated with a classical water treatment system, functionally customized to the requirements of technology for intensive fish in confined spaces. A physicochemical process cheap, fast, secure which has the potential to replace the widespread technique of biologically removal of nitrogen compounds is based on the separation of nitrogen compounds from the water using zeolite. By using clinoptilolite, a zeolite with high affinity for nitrogen compounds, it was maintained in normal range the ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in a fish pound. The water recirculated in the controlled system was mechanically filtered and passed through the zeolite column. Clinoptilolite zeolite is an aluminosilicate from the microporous family solids which act as molecular sieve. The experiments were performed in the Laboratory of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest. Advantages of this approach include: low dependence on temperature and absence of dependence on chemical toxins and bacterial predators, do not require a start-up period, the system can be turned off or on at will, fish is grown in much lower bacterial concentrations, reducing the possibility of disease or flavour loss

Determination of the Ascorbic Acid Content and the Antioxidant Activity of Different Varieties of Vegetables Consumed in Romania, from Farmers and Supermarkets

Vitamin C sustains the health of the human organism. It reduces the risk of chronic diseases and it can help to control arterial hypertension. In addition, it prevents and reduces the risk of developing various heart diseases, it normalizes the level of uric acid in the blood, it can help with the prevention of gout attacks, it helps to prevent iron deficiency and strengthens the immune system. Considering these aspects, it can be stated that a diet rich in vitamin C plays an essential role in a person&rsquo;s daily food intake. Within the present study, we identified the content of vitamin C in various types of bell peppers and tomatoes consumed in Romania. The vitamin C content was determined by using the titration and the iodometric methods. The research results pointed out that the content of vitamin C in the analyzed bell peppers is between 4.693 and 11.264 mg/ 100 g, and in the analyzed tomatoes is between 0.939 and 4.639 mg/100 g. The antioxidant activity was studied as well, by using the DPPH radical and the Trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity (TEAC). The antioxidant activity was correlated with the content of ascorbic acid, present in the samples. The studies revealed that the vegetables bought from the farmers had a higher content of vitamin C than the ones bought from the supermarkets. This aspect was also confirmed by their increased antioxidant activity, which points out that the local vegetables are a rich source of natural antioxidants, which can be used to prevent various health conditions caused by oxidative stress

A review of the quality standards for frozen beef meat and fish

One of the fastest growing sectors in food service industries is that of frozen foods. Beside the volume, the effective management of interdependent operations regarding the production, storage, distribution and retailing of frozen foods ("the cold chain") is a key factor of success and a must for preserving the safety and quality of frozen foods. Therefore, the main concern is to regulate the aspects regarding safety, identification, quality, labelling and advertising of foods, in order to inform and protect the consumer, establish the traceability of the product and also to sustain a fairtrading. The final goal of this research is to presents the relevant standards for two categories of foods, related to hygiene, food additives, pesticide residues, contaminants, labelling and presentation, along with the proper methods for sampling and analysis. The paper will present key recommendations for processing, handling, distribution and storage of frozen beef meat and fish