Dual-Main-Drain Suction-Entrapment Test Report

Life-threatening suction entrapment events have been recorded in swimming pools and spas since before World War II, although formal documentation and investigation did not occur until the Consumer Product Safety Commission began maintaining National Electronic Incident Surveillance System data. Of 147 incidents documented between 1985 and 2002, 36 incidents, 1 in 4, were fatal. Suction entrapment occurs in wading pools, spas, or swimming pools when a person’s body blocks the flow of water from a pool or spa to the circulation pump. When the source of suction to the pump is blocked, the pump continues to operate creating a strong suction on whatever is blocking the water flow. The dual-main-drain-suction-entrapment tests were developed to determine the effectiveness of dual main drains as a means of avoiding suction-entrapment accidents

Effects of Environment & Experience on Underwater Work Performance

Five experienced divers and 15 novice divers completed a complex underwater asembly task and sets of written problems in a water-filled tank and in the ocean. Performance measurements included subtask completion times, problem-solving accuracy, activity analysis, and basic physiological variables. Experienced divers showed essentially unchaged performance between tank and ocean. Novice divers performend slower than the experienced divers in the tank and showed a makred decrement in both assembly time and problem-solving accuracy in the ocean. The results suggest that diving experinece improves underwater motor skills rather than work strategy, and that psychological stress was a significant factor even at shallow ocean depths for novices

Volleyball

vii, 62 p.; 2s cm

Volleyball

vii, 62 p. ; 23 cm