Review Essay—Official History, Not “Instant Analysis”

Shield and Sword: The United States Navy and the Persian Gulf Wa

Proximity, maps and conflict: New measures, New maps and New findings

This article introduces two new datasets. The first is a new interstate distance dataset. It is recognized that different theories regarding distance and conflict will call for different understandings of “distance” and accordingly, ten different types of distance measurement are presented. Moreover, it is argued that in order for a distance dataset to contain accurate distances, it is necessary for it to be based on maps reflecting state border changes over time. As such, a new map dataset is presented, including annualized maps for all states, stored in KML format. It will be shown that the frequent border changes experienced by states can have large impacts on distance calculations. The significance of the relationship between distance and conflict will be tested for the ten different types of distance measurement, not with the aim of finding a “best measure” but in order to demonstrate that distance remains an important variable and that each different form of distance measure can be significant

The Failure of German World War II Strategy in the Black Sea

Few cases can be found in history where the value of the sea as a logistic highway was so critical or the failure to recognize that fact so disastrous as in the example of the German campaign in southern Russia