1,297 research outputs found
Accidental suppression of Landau damping of the transverse breathing mode in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates
We study transverse radial oscillations of an elongated Bose-Einstein
condensate using finite temperature simulations, in the context of a recent
experiment at ENS. We demonstrate the existence of a mode corresponding to an
in-phase collective oscillation of both the condensate and thermal cloud.
Excitation of this mode accounts for the very small damping rate observed
experimentally, and we find excellent quantitative agreement between experiment
and theory. In contrast to other condensate modes, interatomic collisions are
found to be the dominant damping mechanism in this case.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Transition to the Giant Vortex State in an Harmonic Plus Quartic Trap
We consider a rapidly rotating Bose-condensed gas in an harmonic plus quartic
trap. At sufficiently high rotation rates the condensate acquires an annular
geometry with the superposition of a vortex lattice. With increasing rotation
rate the lattice evolves into a single ring of vortices. Of interest is the
transition from this state to the giant vortex state in which the circulation
is carried by only a central vortex. By analyzing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy
functional variationally, we have been able to map out the phase boundary
between these two states as a function of the rotation rate and the various
trapped gas parameters. The variational results are in good qualitative
agreement with those obtained by means of a direct numerical solution of the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure
Two-fluid hydrodynamics of a Bose gas including damping from normal fluid transport coefficients
We extend our recent work on the two-fluid hydrodynamics of the condensate
and non-condensate in a trapped Bose gas by including the dissipation
associated with viscosity and thermal conduction. For purposes of illustration,
we consider the hydrodynamic modes in the case of a uniform Bose gas. A finite
thermal conductivity and shear viscosity give rise to a damping of the first
and second sound modes in addition to that found previously due to the lack of
diffusive equilibrium between the condensate and non-condensate. The
relaxational mode associated with this equilibration process is strongly
coupled to thermal fluctuations and reduces to the usual thermal diffusion mode
above the Bose-Einstein transition. In contrast to the standard Landau
two-fluid hydrodynamics, we predict a damped mode centered at zero frequency,
in addition to the usual second sound doublet.Comment: 18 pages, revtex, 4 postscript figures, Submitted to the Canadian
Journal of Physics for the Boris Stoicheff Festschrift issu
A Dynamical Self-Consistent Finite Temperature Kinetic Theory: The ZNG Scheme
We review a self-consistent scheme for modelling trapped weakly-interacting
quantum gases at temperatures where the condensate coexists with a significant
thermal cloud. This method has been applied to atomic gases by Zaremba, Nikuni,
and Griffin, and is often referred to as ZNG. It describes both
mean-field-dominated and hydrodynamic regimes, except at very low temperatures
or in the regime of large fluctuations. Condensate dynamics are described by a
dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation (or the corresponding quantum
hydrodynamic equation with a source term), while the non-condensate evolution
is represented by a quantum Boltzmann equation, which additionally includes
collisional processes which transfer atoms between these two subsystems. In the
mean-field-dominated regime collisions are treated perturbatively and the full
distribution function is needed to describe the thermal cloud, while in the
hydrodynamic regime the system is parametrised in terms of a set of local
variables. Applications to finite temperature induced damping of collective
modes and vortices in the mean-field-dominated regime are presented.Comment: Unedited version of chapter to appear in Quantum Gases: Finite
Temperature and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics (Vol. 1 Cold Atoms Series). N.P.
Proukakis, S.A. Gardiner, M.J. Davis and M.H. Szymanska, eds. Imperial
College Press, London (in press). See
http://www.icpress.co.uk/physics/p817.htm
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