Study of the Structure and Parameters of Grid of Hydrogenated Butadiene Nitrile Rubber cross-linked with Polymer Peroxides

Abstract Studied the ro le of poly mer pero xide (1,4-b is-tret butyl pero xy isopropyl benzene) and triazine co mpounds (2-phenyl-4, 6-bis-trichloro methyl sym triazine) in hydrogenated butadiene nitrile rubber (HBNR) systems HBNR + Poly meric Pero xide, HBNR + Triazine Co mpounds under heating. By physical and chemical, spectral methods of analysis shown, that the changes in molecu lar structure of HBNR in the presence of poly mer pero xides and triazine co mpounds. Determined the kinetics of yield and the emergence of cross-linking density of the grid HBNR fo r each reaserched system depend on time . It is shown that cross linking of the HBNR with pero xide poly mers occurs by a radical type

Synthesis and characterization of CdS nanocrystals in Maleic anhydride–Octene-1–Vinylbutyl Ether terpolymer matrix

Abstract A Maleic anhydride–Octene-1–Vinylbutyl Ether terpolymer was synthesized via the radical terpolymerization method in order to prepare a new matrix for CdS nanocrystal synthesis. CdS nanocrystals were synthesized through the reaction of thiourea with cadmium chloride. The synthesized terpolymer/CdS nanocrystal composites were characterized by several methods. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis, Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction methods. The room temperature UV–visible absorption spectra show a shift of the absorption edge towards higher energies. The band gap of the CdS nanocomposite is bigger than that of bulk CdS. Raman spectrum exhibits characteristic peaks of CdS. Images of the nanocomposite obtained with Atomic Force Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy are the evidences of CdS nanocrystal formation in the terpolymer. Thermal investigation shows that the nanocomposite is more thermostable than the terpolymer which could be useful for application in thermo aggressive medium

Synthesis and characterization of CdS nanoparticle based multiwall carbon nanotube-maleic anhydride-1-octene nanocomposites

CdS nanoparticles were synthesized by sonication from cadmium chloride and thiourea using a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-maleic anhydride (MA)-1-octene system as the matrix. The matrix was obtained by the "grafting from" approach from oxidized carbon nanotubes and maleic anhydride-1-octene. Multiwall carbon nanotubes used for reinforcing the matrix were synthesized by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition using Fe-Co/Al2O3 as the catalyst. The obtained nanostructures were characterized by FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, SEM and UV-vis spectroscopy. The average CdS particle diameter was 7.9 nm as confirmed independently by TEM and XRD. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that the obtained nanostructure is an appropriate base material for making optical devices. The novelty of this work is the use of the MWCNT-MA-1-octene matrix obtained via the "grafting from" approach for the synthesis of uniformly dispersed CdS nanocrystals by ultrasonic cavitation to obtain a polymer nanocomposite. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Antibiotic therapy for acute respiratory viral infections in children:what do parents know about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance?

One of the causes of antibiotic resistance (AR) is irrational use of antibiotics (ABs) that are commonly administered to patients with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVIs). Rational AB use largely depends on the awareness of people. Objective. To analyze the awareness of people about AR and AB use, as well as to assess the attitude to AB therapy among parents of preschool children. Materials and methods. We conducted anonymous survey among 513 parents of preschool children in Tomsk. Results. Almost two-thirds (61.6%) of respondents admitted that their children received AB during cold/flu/ARVI. The most commonly used ABs were amoxicillin (62.3%), azithromycin (19.7%), and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (11.1%). The majority of patients administered ABs to their children only after doctor's prescription (80.4%) and adhered to treatment regimen (79.7%). A total of 65.8% respondents stated that doctors had explained why AB therapy was necessary. Nearly two out of three parents (62.4%) believed that ABs may have a negative impact on health. More than half of the respondents were aware of AR. Conclusion. The majority of parents use antibiotics to treat ARVI in their children only with doctor's prescription. However, we observed insufficient awareness about AR, AB use, and possible side effects, which necessitates the development of educational programs for the population