9,365 research outputs found
Media And Government Relations In Papua New Guinea
All is not well with news media in Papua New Guinea. Media and government relations are stressed, a situation adverse to the country's development. Media organisations have to deal with operational difficulties, threats against editorial freedom, and harassment or physical danger experienced by journalists. Yet there are positive factors providing hope for the future, especially that key element, freedom to publish, which goes together with a habit of openess in public life as part of the national culture. That is the main finding of a study made during a working visit to Papua New Guinea
Striving to realise the European idea: Judging the news media's accounts of how the Berlin Wall gave impetus to a new order across Europe
The 1990 European Community was taken by surprise, by the urgency of demands from the newly-elected Eastern European governments to become member countries. Those governments were honouring the mass social movement of the streets, the year before, demanding free elections and a liberal economic system associated with âEuropeâ. The mass movement had actually been accompanied by much activity within institutional politics, in Western Europe, the former âsatelliteâ states, the Soviet Union and the United States, to set up new structures â with German reunification and an expanded EC as the centre-piece. This paper draws on the writerâs doctoral dissertation on mass media in the collapse of the Eastern bloc, focused on the Berlin Wall â documenting both public protests and institutional negotiations. For example the writer as a correspondent in Europe from that time, recounts interventions of the German Chancellor, Helmut Kohl, at a European summit in Paris nine days after the âWallâ, and separate negotiations with the French President, Francois Mitterrand -- on the reunification, and EU monetary union after 1992. Through such processes, the âEuropean ideaâ would receive fresh impetus, though the EU which eventuated, came with many altered expectations. It is argued here that as a result of the shock of 1989, a âsocialâ Europe can be seen emerging, as a shared experience of daily life -- especially among people born during the last two decades of European consolidation. The paper draws on the authorâs major research, in four parts: (1) Field observation from the strategic vantage point of a news correspondent. This includes a treatment of evidence at the time, of the wishes and intentions of the mass public (including the unexpected drive to join the European Community), and those of governments, (e.g. thoughts of a âTienanmen Square solutionâ in East Berlin, versus the non-intervention policies of the Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev). (2) A review of coverage of the crisis of 1989 by major news media outlets, treated as a history of the process. (3) As a comparison, and a test of accuracy and analysis; a review of conventional histories of the crisis appearing a decade later.(4) A further review, and test, provided by journalists responsible for the coverage of the time, as reflection on practice â obtained from semi-structured interviews
George Negus: news in media and society in the 21st century
The interview was commissioned by M/C Dialogue online journal as one in a series with "cultural scholars". George Negus as a veteran reporter, presenter and commentator in Australian television current affairs, was questioned about responses of the journalistic profession to changes dveeloping in media at the start of this Century. He adopts a position that practitioners must adjust to the "opportunities" of new media, convergence or globalisation. In response to proliferation of media producers and outlets, he advocates a continuing role for professional journalists as centrally placed sense-makers. He says: "I hink what the information age will do is make analytical and opinion journalism even more important than it always has been, because the information being available to you, youâll probably still require assistance in sifting it, assessing it, evaluating it ⌠I think the great paradox will be that as information journalism becomes less important, because the information will be so freely available to any one of these gatekeepers, self styled journalists, the opinion journalism, and commentary and analysis will become more important â because most people donât have time to do that; theyâre too busy doing other things.
Tubes Containing String Modules in Symmetric Special Multiserial Algebras
We provide a method for determining the existence and ranks of tubes in the
stable Auslander-Reiten quiver of symmetric special multiserial algebras using
only the information from the underlying Brauer configuration. Essentially, we
generalise the notion of a Green walk around a Brauer graph to the notion of a
Green `hyperwalk' around a Brauer configuration, and show that these walks
determine the number and rank of some of the stable tubes of the corresponding
algebra. This description includes both tame and wild symmetric special
multiserial algebras. We also provide a description of additional rank two
tubes in both tame and wild algebras that do not arise from Green hyperwalks,
but which nevertheless contain string modules at the mouth.Comment: 45 page
Rich environments for active learning in action: Problemâbased learning
Rich Environments for Active Learning (REALs) are comprehensive instructional systems that are consistent with constructivist theories. They promote study and investigation within authentic contexts; encourage the growth of student responsibility, initiative, decision making and intentional learning; cultivate collaboration among students and teachers; utilize dynamic, interdisciplinary, generative learning activities that promote higherâorder thinking processes to help students develop rich and complex knowledge structures; and assess student progress in content and learningâtoâlearn within authentic contexts using realistic tasks and performances. ProblemâBased Learning (PBL) is an instructional methodology that can be used to create REALs. PBL's studentâcentred approach engages students in a continuous collaborative process of building and reshaping understanding as a natural consequence of their experiences and interactions within learning environments that authentically reflect the world around them. In this way, PBL and REALs are a response to teacherâcentred educational practices that promote the development of inert knowledge, such as conventional teacherâtoâstudent knowledge dissemination activities. In this article, we compare existing assumptions underlying teacherâdirected educational practice with new assumptions that promote problem solving and higherâlevel thinking by putting students at the centre of learning activities. We also examine the theoretical foundation that supports these new assumptions and the need for REALs. Finally, we describe each REAL characteristic and provide supporting examples of REALs in action using PB
Structure-Aware Sampling: Flexible and Accurate Summarization
In processing large quantities of data, a fundamental problem is to obtain a
summary which supports approximate query answering. Random sampling yields
flexible summaries which naturally support subset-sum queries with unbiased
estimators and well-understood confidence bounds.
Classic sample-based summaries, however, are designed for arbitrary subset
queries and are oblivious to the structure in the set of keys. The particular
structure, such as hierarchy, order, or product space (multi-dimensional),
makes range queries much more relevant for most analysis of the data.
Dedicated summarization algorithms for range-sum queries have also been
extensively studied. They can outperform existing sampling schemes in terms of
accuracy on range queries per summary size. Their accuracy, however, rapidly
degrades when, as is often the case, the query spans multiple ranges. They are
also less flexible - being targeted for range sum queries alone - and are often
quite costly to build and use.
In this paper we propose and evaluate variance optimal sampling schemes that
are structure-aware. These summaries improve over the accuracy of existing
structure-oblivious sampling schemes on range queries while retaining the
benefits of sample-based summaries: flexible summaries, with high accuracy on
both range queries and arbitrary subset queries
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