Primer sequences and PCR conditions.

<p>All templates were initially denatured for 5 min at 94°C, and after completing all cycles, were extended a final extension of 10 min at 72°C.</p

The effect of mithramycin on the transcriptional activity of the <i>NDUFV2</i> predicted promoter in SH-SY5Y cells.

<p>A. Cells were transiently transfected with two concentrations of the p<i>NDUFV2</i>-Luc reporter construct (construct) for 24 hrs and analyzed for luciferase activity. B. One hour before the transfection cells were pre-incubated with or without mithramycin (150 nM). The results are means±SD of three experiments normalized for10⁶ cells. *p<0.0001.</p

Summary of medication undertaken by each patient in each diagnostic group.

<p>Summary of medication undertaken by each patient in each diagnostic group.</p

Cerebellar lateral hemisphere protein expression of complex I subunits.

<p>Protein levels of the 51-, 24-and 75-kDa subunits of complex I in post mortem Cerebellar lateral hemisphere of patients with schizophrenia (SCH, n = 15), major depression (MD, n = 15) and bipolar disorder (BP, n = 15), and of normal controls (n = 15). Statistical significant differences vs. the control group were observed in all three subunits in the major depression group and in the 51-kDa and the 75-kDa subunits in the bipolar group. No statistically significant difference was observed in the schizophrenic group.</p

Protein levels of 51-, 24-and 75-kDa subunits of complex I in post mortem striatum including the nucleus accumbens of patients with schizophrenia (SCH, n = 15), major depression (MD, n = 15) and bipolar disorder (BP, n = 15) and of normal controls (n = 15).

<p>Statistical significant differences vs. the control group were observed in the 51- and 24-kDa subunits of the schizophrenic group and in the 75-kDa subunit of the bipolar group. No statistically significant difference was observed in the depressed group.</p

Cerebellar lateral hemisphere mRNA expression of complex I subunits.

<p>mRNA levels of NDUFV1, NDUFV2 and NDUFS1 subunits of complex I in post mortem cerebellar lateral hemisphere of patients with schizophrenia (SCH, n = 15), major depression (MD, n = 15) and bipolar disorder (BP, n = 15), and of normal controls (n = 15). Statistical significant differences vs. the control group were observed in all three subunits in the major depression group and in the NDUFV1 in the bipolar group. No statistically significant difference was observed in the schizophrenic group.</p

Inhibition of the transcription of <i>NDUFV1, NDUFV2</i> and <i>NDUFS1</i> subunits of complex I and of Sp1 and <i>RELN</i> by mithramycin in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

<p>Cell were treated for 12, 24 and 36 hrs with 150 nM mithramycin and mRNA levels of all 5 genes were analyzed by RT-PCR. A. <i>NDUFV2</i>. B. <i>NDUFV1</i> and <i>NDUFS1</i> and <i>RELN</i> after 24 hrs treatment with mithramycin. C. Sp1 and D. A representative gel, demonstrating mithramycin inhibition of the expression of the three subunits of complex I and of <i>RELN</i> with no change in Sp1 and β-actin. Results are means±SD of 3–4 experiments.</p

Demographic data for post mortem brains.

a<p>Lifetime antipsychotic dose in fluphenazine milligram equivalents. N/A – not applicable.</p

Demographic data for post mortem brains.

a<p>Lifetime antipsychotic dose in fluphenazine milligram equivalents. N/A–not applicable</p

Protein levels of <i>NDUFV1, NDUFV2</i> and <i>NDUFS1</i> subunits of complex I, but not that of Sp1 are reduced following treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with mithramycin.

<p>Densitometry value of protein levels (A) and a representative gel (B) of all 4 genes in cells treated for 24 hrs with 150 nM mithramycin. Results are means±SD of 3–4 experiments. *p<0.005 **p<0.014 ***p<0.024 vs. untreated control cells.</p