Results of characterization of three whole blood specimens.

<p>(A) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 1. (B) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 2. (C) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 3. (D) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 4. (E) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 5. (F) Comparison of the BC-5180 (Mindray) and CMOS systems for the WBC population in sample 6. (G) Comparison of the CMOS and BC-5180 (Mindray) systems for the neutrophil population in six samples. (H) Comparison of the CMOS and BC-5180 (Mindray) systems for the monocyte population in six samples. (I) Comparison of the CMOS and BC-5180 (Mindray) systems for the lymphocyte population in six samples.</p

CMOS shadow imaging instrument.

<p>(A) Diagram of the CMOS shadow imaging instrument. (B) Diagram of the instrument when working. (C) Photo of the CMOS shadow imaging instrument. (D) Photo of the system when working.</p

Standard PPED feature vectors of the three subtypes of WBC.

<p>(A) PPED vector of neutrophils. (B) PPED vector of monocytes. (C) PPED vector of lymphocytes.</p

Classification results of WBCs from patient samples.

<p>Classification results of WBCs from patient samples.</p

Images of WBCS and the PPED vector at different resolutions.

<p>(A) Cell image with a 10× objective lens. (B) PPED vector of Fig 5A. (C) Same cell image with 4× objective lens. (D) PPED vector of Fig 5C. (E) Same cell image by CMOS shadow imaging instrument. (F) PPED vector of Fig 5E.</p

CMOS shadow imaging system.

<p>(A) Diagram of blood smear shadow image captured by this instrument. (B) Photo of blood smear shadow image captured by this instrument. (C) Raw image of the blood smear captured by the instrument. (D) Enlarged image of the red box area in Fig 2C. (E) The same area as Fig 2D captured by a 4× microscope objective.</p

Generation of the PPED vector.

<p>(A) Image of WBC captured by CMOS shadow imaging instrument. (B) A five-by-five matrix of the WBC image, every pixel of the image would create a matrix. (C) Filtering kernels for detecting four principal edges. (D) Edge flag of four directions. (E) Sixty-four-dimensional feature vector of the WBCs.</p

Iridium–Ruthenium Alloyed Nanoparticles for the Ethanol Oxidation Fuel Cell Reactions

In this study, carbon supported Ir–Ru nanoparticles with average sizes ranging from 2.9 to 3.7 nm were prepared using a polyol method. The combined characterization techniques, that is, scanning transmission electron microscopy equipped with electron energy loss spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were used to determine an Ir–Ru alloy nanostructure. Both cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (CA) results demonstrate that Ir₇₇Ru₂₃/C bears superior catalytic activities for the ethanol oxidation reaction compared to Ir/C and commercial Pt/C catalysts. In particular, the Ir₇₇Ru₂₃/C catalyst shows more than 21 times higher mass current density than that of Pt/C after 2 h reaction at a potential of 0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl in CA measurement. Density functional theory simulations also demonstrate the superiority of Ir–Ru alloys compared to Ir for the ethanol oxidation reaction

Synthetic Control of FePtM Nanorods (M = Cu, Ni) To Enhance the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

To further enhance the catalytic activity and durability of nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), we synthesized a new class of 20 nm × 2 nm ternary alloy FePtM (M = Cu, Ni) nanorods (NRs) with controlled compositions. Supported on carbon support and treated with acetic acid as well as electrochemical etching, these FePtM NRs were converted into core/shell FePtM/Pt NRs. These core/shell NRs, especially FePtCu/Pt NRs, exhibited much improved ORR activity and durability. The Fe₁₀Pt₇₅Cu₁₅ NRs showed a mass current densities of 1.034 A/mg_Pt at 512 mV vs Ag/AgCl and 0.222 A/mg_Pt at 557 mV vs Ag/AgCl, which are much higher than those for a commercial Pt catalyst (0.138 and 0.035 A/mg_Pt, respectively). Our controlled synthesis provides a general approach to core/shell NRs with enhanced catalysis for the ORR or other chemical reactions

Surface-Energy Induced Formation of Single Crystalline Bismuth Nanowires over Vanadium Thin Film at Room Temperature

We report high-yield room-temperature growth of vertical single-crystalline bismuth nanowire array by vacuum thermal evaporation of bismuth over a choice of arbitrary substrate coated with a thin interlayer of nanoporous vanadium. The nanowire growth is the result of spontaneous and continuous expulsion of nanometer-sized bismuth domains from the vanadium pores, driven by their excessive surface energy that suppresses the melting point of bismuth close to room temperature. The simplicity of the technique opens a new avenue for the growth of nanowire arrays of a variety of materials