ClaiMaker: weaving a semantic web of research papers

The usability of research papers on the Web would be enhanced by a system that explicitly modelled the rhetorical relations between claims in related papers. We describe ClaiMaker, a system for modelling readers’ interpretations of the core content of papers. ClaiMaker provides tools to build a Semantic Web representation of the claims in research papers using an ontology of relations. We demonstrate how the system can be used to make inter-document queries

Workshop on the Space Environment: The Effects on the Optical Properties of Airless Bodies

Reflectance spectrophotometry and polarimetry are major tools in remote sensing studies of surfaces of solar system bodies. The interpretations of such measurements are often based on laboratory studies of meteoritic, lunar, and terrestrial materials. However, the optical properties of regoliths are known to be affected by the space environment. Thus, some of the major questions addressed in the workshop include identity of the soil component responsible for alteration of the optical properties, the process that produced this component, and how reliably the effects of these processes could be extrapolated to other bodies of the solar system

Printed microwave frequency humidity sensor operating with phase shifting scheme

This paper investigates a shifting sensing scheme combining slots, transmission lines, and printing technologies. This sensing scheme translates the electrical sensitivity of a transmission line conductor to the insertion phase as a measurement variable. A coplanar waveguide (CPW) based structure was designed, screen-printed, and tested on relative humidity (RH) conditions ranging from 22.8-75.3 %RH. For the first time, a composite material made of poly-pyrrole and TEMPO Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers (TOCN/PPy) was integrated to the structure and studied as a humidity sensitive conductor in microwave frequencies. The measured sensitivity was 0.154°/%RH at 5.870 GHz, while insertion losses decreased by 1.26 dB. The effects of sensing layers thickness as well as trade-off considerations between phase sensitivity and signal attenuation were analyzed by simulation. © 2001-2012 IEEE

TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibre (TOCN) films and composites with PVOH as sensitive dielectrics for microwave humidity sensing

This paper investigates TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (so-called TOCN)films as sensitive dielectrics for humidity detection in microwave frequencies. TOCN is used either as a sensitive material or as a host-matrix enclosing polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH)to achieve highly sensitive humidity sensing. A resonator in coplanar waveguide grounded (CPWG)technology was designed and fabricated. TOCN and TOCN/PVOH gels were dropped in the area of the resonator where the analysis showed the electromagnetic field to be maximum at the resonance. Gels became thin films after drying. Experimental humidity tests were then conducted within the 21.9–89.3%RH range, using the resonant frequency and the transmission phase as measurement variables. The best sensitivity with TOCN was 2.67 MHz/%RH regarding the resonant frequency, and 0.523°/%RH regarding the transmission phase. The effects of PVOH were visible starting from 55%RH, where the sensitivity was raised to 6.000 MHz/%RH and 0.785°/%RH respectively. © 2019 Elsevier B.V

Environmentally-friendly cellulose nanofibre sheets for humidity sensing in microwave frequencies

This paper investigates environment friendly cellulose nanofibres (CNF) as new and sensitive material for humidity sensing in RF/microwave frequencies. CNF sheets were fabricated by sonocatalyzed TEMPO process and physically characterized. Humidity sensing investigation was performed with CNF sheets taped on the top of circuits in coplanar waveguide (CPW) technology. This investigation includes sensitivity and dynamic range analysis with reflected waves along the CPW circuit through resonant frequency shift, and transmitted waves through S21 phase shift. Moreover, sheets with various amounts of CNF were used to study the influence of CNF weight on humidity sensing performances. Regarding the resonant frequency shift, the best sensitivity was measured with the weightier CNF film (71 g/m2), that is 2.82 MHz/%RH from 55%RH to 100%RH. Regarding the phase shift, the same film sensitivity is 0.7°/%RH from 70%RH to 100%RH, with a figure of merit of 7.43°/dB as a phase shifter. © 2017 Elsevier B.V

Remarkable Disk and Off-nuclear Starburst Activity in the "Tadpole Galaxy" as revealed by the Spitzer Space Telescope

We present ground-based optical and Spitzer infrared imaging observations of the interacting galaxy UGC 10214, the "Tadpole Galaxy" (z = 0.0310), focusing on the star formation activity in the nuclear, disk, spiral arms and tidal tail regions. The major findings of this study are that the Tadpole is actively forming stars in the main disk outside of the nucleus and in the tidal plume, with an estimated mean star formation rate of ~2 to 4 M_sun/yr. The most prominent sites of mid-infrared emission define a "ring" morphology that, combined with the overall morphology of the system, suggest the interaction may belong to the rare class of off-center collisional ring systems that form both shock-induced rings of star formation and tidal plumes. The nuclear emission is solely powered by older stars, with little evidence for ongoing star formation at the center of the Tadpole. Extra-nuclear star formation accounts for >50% of the total star formation in the disk and spiral arms, featuring infrared-bright 'hot spots' that exhibit strong PAH emission, whose band strength is comparable to that of late-type star-forming disk galaxies. The tidal tail, which extends 2 arcmin (~75 kpc) into the intergalactic medium, is populated by super massive star clusters likely triggered by the galaxy-galaxy interaction that has distorted UGC 10214 into its current "tadpole" shape.Comment: to appear in the January 2006 (vol 131) issue of the Astronomical Journal; high quality graphics are located here: http://spider.ipac.caltech.edu/staff/jarrett/tadpole.htm

Dust in Spiral Galaxies: Comparing Emission and Absorption to Constrain Small-Scale and Very Cold Structures

The detailed distribution of dust in the disks of spiral galaxies is important to understanding the radiative transfer within disks, and to measuring overall dust masses if significant quantities of dust are either very opaque or very cold. We address this issue by comparing measures of dust absorption, using the galaxy-overlap technique in the optical, with measures of the dust grains' thermal emission from 50-2000 micron using ISOPHOT on board ISO and SCUBA at the JCMT. We examine three spiral galaxies projected partially in front of E/S0 galaxies --- AM1316-241, NGC 5545, and NGC 5091 (for NGC 5091 we have only optical and ISO data). Adopting an empirical exponential model for the dust distribution, we compare column densities and dust masses derived from the absorption and emission techniques. This comparison is sensitive to the amount of dust mass in small, opaque structures, which would not contribute strongly to area-weighted absorption measures, and to very cold dust, which would contribute to optical absorption but provide only a small fraction of the sub-mm emission. In AM1316-241, we find global dust masses of 2-5 x 10^7 M_solar, both techniques agreeing at the 50% level. NGC 5545 has about half this dust mass. The concordance of dust masses is well within the errors expected from our knowledge of the radial distribution of dust, and argues against any dominant part of the dust mass being so cold or opaque. The 50-2000 micron data are well fitted by modified Planck functions with an emissivity law beta=-2, at 21 +/- 2 K. We also present 12 micron ISOCAM observations of these pairs.Comparison of H-alpha and 12 micron images of NGC 5545 indicate that ISOCAM images are reliable tracers of star formation.Comment: 16 pages, 4 tables, 8 figures, in press for October Astronomical Journa