The Attitude and Activities of Artists towards Community Vitalization

This paper aims to investigate changes of attitude of local artists and their activities concerning community vitalization; based on the fact that other local residents change their attitude and activities through communication with neighboring artists. A nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted of artists listed in two published directories. The questionnaire sought answers related to 1) personal attributes, 2) places and opportunities for communicating with other local residents, and 3) community attachment and degree of self-disclosure to neighboring residents. The major findings were: 1) That quite a few artists change their attitude and activities regarding community vitalization. 2) Artists\u27 attitudes and activities are significantly connected with their birthplaces, circumstance of residence, and the places and opportunities for communication with other local residents. Further, they decide their residential places in connection with their artistic field. 3) Respondent category classification, based on Hayashi\u27s Type III Quantification Method and Cluster analysis, clarified that the artists who positively change their attitude and activities tend to practice self-disclosure. Thus, it was also clarified that the artists, a) who were born in the same municipalities as they now reside and b) reside in a conventional urban areas and c) communicate with other local residents at events held by artists/artists associations or school activities, have positive changes of attitude and activities. The results of this paper revealed the availability of profound community vitalization from focusing on communication between local artists and other local residents. The findings are also useful for vitalization management in connection with art/artists, which has been tried in many municipalities.International Symposium on City Planning 2003, 2003-08-26, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japa

Social Capital Development in a Rural Community based on Exchange Management with Outsiders: the Case of Akimoto, a Small Mountainous Settlement in Japan

This article investigates the potential of exchange management toward social capital development in a rural Japanese community. In Japan, many rural communities are suffering from depopulation. To revitalise such communities, the alternative concept of social capital has recently gained traction alongside conventional infrastructure-oriented development. This article analyses the process and results of social capital development through a case study of the small settlement of Akimoto in Takachiho Town. The residents have been seeking revitalisation through exchange with outsiders. The major results are: (1) exchange strengthened the residents\u27 community attachment; (2) the main features of social capital, i.e. norms, trust, and networks, were strengthened; (3) exchange management functioned well in terms of human encounters, mutual understanding, and maintaining exchange; and (4) discreet leadership, and the existence of professionals and specialists, were found to contribute to social capital building. Finally, this article discusses the applicability of this approach to other communities

The Development Trend and the Land-Use Management in a Local Suburban Area - Based on an Analysis of Kiyotake-Town, JAPAN-

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (EASTS '03), October 29-November 1, 2003, Fukuoka International Congress Center, JapanThis paper aims to propose ideas to improve the land-use and management of Japanese suburban areas based on an investigation of development trends in Kiyotake town, a local town in the suburban area of a prefectural capital. Building permits during 1995 –1999 were analyzed by use of a geographic information system (GIS). The major results were as follows: 1) There were numerous undesirable developments in the urbanization control area and outside of the city planning area. 2) This was because of loose land-use management by the town authority, and loopholes in the conventional City Planning Law. 3) The City Planning Law 2000 has several features such as deregulation, decentralization and public involvement. However, the features have potentially deleterious effects. To achieve desirable land-use, stricter management should be adopted based on the strict stipulations and regulations of the Law. This management requires deliberate public involvement that attaches importance to the public interest

Characteristics and performance of Angkotan Kota (Angkot) in Banyuwangi City Indonesia

Angkot, the acronym of Angkutan Kota, is the main mode of urban public transport in Banyuwangi, as well as other local cities of Indonesia. However, Angkot is failing to provide the necessary service and is actually in decline in Banyuwangi. This paper intends to explore the characteristics of Angkot and analyze their performance in Banyuwangi. Analysis based on questionnaires and literature shows that 1. main users are relative poor people and students, 2. Angkot fleets are old, 3. service level becomes lower, and 4. a driver\u27s gross income per day is in the range of Rp. 65,000 to Rp.187,000. These results suggest that financial support is needed to renew Angkot vehicles and governments should formulate proper policies and carry them out in order to improve the Angkot transport system in Banyuwangi City.The 8th International Conference of Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2009(EASTS), November 16-19, 2009, Surabaya, Indonesi

Characteristics and performance of Angkotan Kota (Angkot) in Banyuwangi City Indonesia

The 8th International Conference of Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2009(EASTS), November 16-19, 2009, Surabaya, IndonesiaAngkot, the acronym of Angkutan Kota, is the main mode of urban public transport in Banyuwangi, as well as other local cities of Indonesia. However, Angkot is failing to provide the necessary service and is actually in decline in Banyuwangi. This paper intends to explore the characteristics of Angkot and analyze their performance in Banyuwangi. Analysis based on questionnaires and literature shows that 1. main users are relative poor people and students, 2. Angkot fleets are old, 3. service level becomes lower, and 4. a driver's gross income per day is in the range of Rp. 65,000 to Rp.187,000. These results suggest that financial support is needed to renew Angkot vehicles and governments should formulate proper policies and carry them out in order to improve the Angkot transport system in Banyuwangi City

A Comparative Study of Advertising Legibility by Three Local Governments in Yogyakarta Urban Areas in Indonesia

Although some local governments in Indonesia have made special regulations for advertisements, problems related to advertisement arrangement are still a major topic in the society. Outdoor advertisements as product promotion must be visibly and legibly organized for rapid understanding. Legibility can be used to identify the values associated with advertisements, which gives technical standard for its regulation. The objectives of this research are 1) to analyze how advertisement arrangement is implemented on the viewpoint of legibility in Yogyakarta urban areas and 2) to identify what instruments must be taken into account to increase advertising arrangement quality. This research shows that 1) There are almost no significant differences of advertising condition in the three different municipalities of Yogyakarta, Sleman and Bantul, 2) When the guidance control is good, it results in a good physical condition, 3) Legibility instruments such as average ads per building, board size, character size, advertising setback and height are found to provide significant contributions to advertising condition. Thus, a general advertising approach should regulate those physical characteristics through objective terms, and 4) Even though the density of advertisements is high, if they are well managed, the legibility condition remains high

Limitation of Indonesian Municipal Authority in Planning and Assessment - Based on a Case of the Malang Town Square Shopping Mall -

The purpose of this paper is to identify the problems of the Indonesian city planning system, particularly the assessment of urban development and land uses. This paper firstly provides an overview of the planning system. Then, a case study is introduced, which involves the controversial land use conversion for a shopping mall development in Malang City. This paper investigates, 1) the insufficiencies of laws and the instrumental regulations to define land uses and provincial assessment and 2) the municipal council’s assessment of the mayor ’s actions and granting of development permission. Based upon the case study, practical and factual problems are discussed: 1) The municipal development permission process was constrained by uncertain land use definition in spatial planning regulations, while the province could not assess the municipal process because of uncertain authori勿for municipal land uses. 2) The municipal council’s assessment through the consultation session was not assured, because it depended upon the　mayor ’s decision for the proposed development. The council’s interpellation session was merely an arbitrary right. Consequently, this paper proposes: 1) exact criteria of activity corresponding to land use definition in spatial planning regulations and clear provincial authority to assess the municipal implementation of land use definition and 2) mandatory council assessment for all developments with certain impact and the availability of a neutral, accountable, and independent advisory board to assure the proper development of the permission process.The International Symposium on City Planning 2010, 2010-08-28-30, Nara City, Japa

Problems of Spatial Plans for Disaster Risk Reduction in Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Padang City, the capital city of West Sumatera in Indonesiaラis prone to earthquakes frequently. In light of the geographic condition, spatial planning is a crucial aspect of long-term development planning for Padang City. Therefore, national and local governments have issued and improved spatial plans for natural disaster areas in Pandang City. For example, Provincial General Spatial Plan of West Sumatera 2004 2019 (RTRWP West Sumatera), Municipal General Spatial Plan of Padang 2008 2028 (RTRW Padang City), Detailed Development of Evacuation Shelter Building of Padang City 2008 (ESB 2008), and Strategic Disaster Mitigation Plan of Padang City 2008・2012, have been issued as improvements.This paper discusses the current situation concerning disaster risk reduction in order to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of the spatial plans in Padang City from the viewpoint of disaster risk reduction. This descriptive analysis is based on a review of the relevant literature, the spatial plan documents, and field observations. The analysis revealed that: 1) the impact of the West Sumatera Earthquake in 2009 was exacerbated by weak building structures in the affected areas, 2) Padang City’s spatial plans still lack an effective disaster risk reduction approach, and 3) gaps exist among the stakeholders involved in disaster risk reduction.The International Symposium on City Planning 2010, 2010-08-28-30, Nara City, Japa

Risk Management of Public Private Partnerships in Managing Local Government Assets - Case Studies in Bangka Island, Indonesia -

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have been developed over time to bring in long-term partnerships of mutual benefit for both the public and private sectors. In Indonesia, PPPs began gradually to flourish during the decade of the 2000s. One key reason why PPPs are used is the lack of available local government funding to provide public facilities and services, such as markets, hospitals, toll roads, etc. Many local governments in Indonesia considered and then conducted a PPP as one of several effective strategies for developing their public facilities. However, several of those PPP projects did not perform as well as expected. In a PPP project, the private sector takes on many responsibilities for the performance of facilities and services contained in the PPP contract agreement. Unbalanced risk sharing is one of the major causes of unsuccessful PPPs. The goals of this research are to (1) identi骨how risk management practices (risk identification, risk evaluation, risk mitigation and risk allocation) are delivered; (2) evaluate the agreement in the contract for how risk sharing is balanced; and (3) reveal how the risks are shared. For these purposes, the risk management skills of seven PPP projects at local governments in Bangka Island, Indonesia, were evaluated using a descriptive analysis with comparative study.The International Symposium on City Planning 2010, 2010-08-28-30, Nara City, Japa