Step pad and intervention tasks used in this study.

<p>a) DDR example screen with updrifting arrow. The participant has to step when the red arrow (moving up) is directly over the target arrow (blue arrows). The round object on the bottom right side is a ‘bomb’ for which the participant has to inhibit his step. b) CSRT example screen. One of four arrows on the screen changes its color to blue and the participant is asked to step as quickly as possible onto the same location of the pad (front left).</p

Results of DDR stepping on outcome measures.

a<p> = positive scores indicate improvement; AP = antero-posterior; AST = alternate step test; CON = control group; CSRT = choice stepping reaction time; DDR = intervention group; Icon-FES = iconographical falls efficacy scale; Knee ext = knee extension strength; MET = Melbourne Edge Test; ML = medio-lateral; MT = movement time; PPA = Physiological Profile Assessment score; resp = response time; RT = reaction time; TMT B-A = difference between Trailmaking test B and A; TUG = timed up & go test; 5STS = five times sit-to-stand.</p

Baseline characteristics.

<p>AST = alternate step test; CSRT = choice stepping reaction time; Icon-FES = iconographical falls efficacy scale; MMSE = Mini-mental State Examination; MT = movement time; PPA = Physiological Profile Assessment score; resp = response time; RT = reaction time; TMT B-A = difference between Trailmaking test B and A; TUG = timed up & go test; 5STS = five times sit-to-stand.</p

Flow chart of study.

<p>Flow chart of study.</p

Screenshots of game screens.

<p>A–StepMania; B–Stepper; C–Trail-stepping; D–Tetris.</p

Differences in program effectiveness based on adherence using change scores.

<p>Differences in program effectiveness based on adherence using change scores.</p

Results interactions.

<p>Showing the relationship between baseline scores and change scores at re-assessment; not overlapping confidence intervals (blue and red bands) indicate significant differences between the intervention and control groups.</p

Baseline and re-assessment results for outcome measures.

<p>Baseline and re-assessment results for outcome measures.</p

Baseline comparison between the low and high adherence groups.

<p>Baseline comparison between the low and high adherence groups.</p

Sample characteristics.

<p>Sample characteristics.</p