Studies on Variability in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum Linn.)

Significant treatment mean sum of squares for eleven characters studied revealed the presence of considerable amount of variability in F2’s of 21 crosses, 7 parents and 2 checks. The magnitude of GCV and PCV were high for productive tiller per plant and spikelets per spike; whereas, days to maturity and days to 50 per cent flowering exhibited least GCV and PCV. The high heritability was accompanied with high genetic advance as per cent of mean for length of spike, productive tillers per running meter, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant indicating additive genetic control in the expression of these characters

Variability Studies in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

   Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were studied for thirty genotypes of soybean sown in RBD with three replications and data was analysed for eleven quantitative characters. It was observed that high amount of genetic variability with high heritability was present for most of the yield components studied

Molecular Characterization of Rice Genotypes Using Molecular Markers

Rice, (Oryza sativa L. 2n=24) belongs to the family Gramineae and subfamily Oryzoideae. Oryza has two cultivated species: Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima. Breeding for good-quality traits requires the selection of parents with a wider genetic diversity. Molecular markers are used in molecular biology and biotechnology to identify a sequence of DNA. Molecular markers have played an increasing role in rice breeding for cultivar improvement, screening, selection, and germplasm collections. The present investigation is undertaken to study the genetic diversity among thirty rice genotypes using the ISSR marker. Out of 40 ISSR primers, 9 amplified and showed polymorphism, viz., ISSR 807, ISSR 808, ISSR 809, ISSR 811, ISSR 816, ISSR 823, ISSR 826, ISSR 827 and ISSR 829. A total of 76 loci were generated by amplification with 9 polymorphic primers, out of which 66 loci were polymorphic with an average of 86.84 percent polymorphism. Among ISSR primers, ISSR 807 produced the maximum number of 11 loci. A dendrogram constructed using NTSYSpc 2.02i software grouped all 30 genotypes into two major clusters (clusters A and B). Cluster A Kalbhat alone is present in one sub-cluster at 69.2% similarity with Karjat 2, Jaya, Sairam, Saubhagya Dhan, RPBIO 226, Karjat 6, Ratnagiri 1, DRR Dhan 44, DRR Dhan 45, DRR Dhan 46, MTU 10010, Karjat 7, Swarna Shreya, Sugandha, and Madhumati. In Cluster B Karjat 3 alone forms one sub- cluster and has 70 % similarity with MTU 1001, PKVHMT, JGL 1798, Indrayani, Phule Samruddhi, Phule Maval, Sonsal, Pavana, DRR Dhan 41, kundalika, Bhogawati, Ambemohar, and Phule Radha