EFFICIENCY OF USING ELECTRONEUROMYOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSTICS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

The importance of using the method of electroneuromiography examination in the occupational pathological practice was grounded. The peculiarities of the change of index of electroneuromiography examination were analyzed and generalized in the patients with occupation disease of different etiology: caused by the exposure to the local vibration (40 persons), with occupational polyneuropathy of extremity induced by the complex exposure to the local and whole-body vibration and the physical overstrain (30 persons), firefighters with the diagnosis revealed as the consequence of the intoxication with the complex of toxic substances (50 persons), the patients with the diagnosis of chronic mercury intoxication (45 persons). In spite of the numerous number of the parameters which are used in the electroneuromiography examinations we consider the following indices as more important ones for clinical studies in the studied occupational pathologies: the decrease of rate of the impulse conductance in the distal section of the motor component of the middle and elbow nerves in the vibration-induced disease after exposure to the local vibration; along with the rate decrease of the impulse conductance in the distal nerve sections of upper extremities the decrease in the rate impulse conductance in the peripheral nerves in lower extremities was registered in the compressive neuropathy and polyneuropathy after exposure to the complex of the unfavorable production factors; the time period of the residual latency indicating the decrease in the impulse conductance at the level of the ending non-myelinized fibres, in upper and lower extremities for studying the clinically manifested polyneuropathy processes (in examination of the patients with intoxication induced by the complex of toxic substances); the time period of the residual latency and delaying the conductance rate of the impulse in the motor component of the tibial nerve for the latent (subclinical) injuries of the peripheral nerves which were found to be diagnosed in the patients with chronic mercury intoxication

Studies of interrelations between neurotrophic antibodies and individual neurophysiological indices in patients with professional chronic mercury intoxication at the post-exposure period

Disturbances in the nervous system during chronic mercury intoxication (CМI) are accompanied by regular changes in the immune system. Diagnostic use of neurospecific protein markers of various pathological changes in the central nervous system is one of the promising areas of modern neuroimmunology. Prolonged exposure to the mercury vapors may cause disturbances of both CNS neurons and peripheral nerves. At the same time, the neuroimmune relationships underlying the evolving disease are not studied to sufficient grade, especially in the later post-contact period of chronic mercury intoxication. The aim of this work was to identify the relationship between the contents of antibodies to neurotrophic proteins of the nervous tissue, and changes of the neurophysiological indices characterizing the state of central and peripheral pathways in the nervous systems of the patients after chronic mercury intoxication (CMI). Our study immunological study included 30 males in the post-contact period of the CМI, who previously worked in contact with metallic mercury vapors. The clinical patterns of patients were dominated by encephalopathy, the main manifestation of which are mental disorders (more often in the form of organic asthenic disorder, or organic personality disorder with cognitive and emotional-volitional disorders of varying severity). The criteria for inclusion in the study were: verified diagnosis in all patients, written informed consent to participate in the study, a history of the harmful effects of metallic mercury vapor under production conditions. Statistical evaluation was carried out using Statistica for Windows 6.0 software. The levels of neurotrophic antibodies (AT), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), electroneuromyography (ENMG) data were studied in terms of assessing the relationship between changes in specialized structures of the nervous tissue, and the state of the central and peripheral neural pathways in the patients after chronic mercury exposure. The following correlations were found: those between the concentrations of antibodies to endorphin p ф-END) and changes in central conducting structures, as well as between antibodies to proteins S-100, MBP, GFAP, NF-200, VG calcium channel, MAG, p-END, AH-R, Ser-R, M-OR and the speed of axonal impulse conduction within various peripheral neural structures. The interrelations revealed in this study indicate to pathological changes in specialized structures of the nervous tissue, which may be used as diagnostic indicators for clinical course of CМI in the post-contact period

EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGICAL FEEDBACK TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH LOCAL VIBRATION-INDUCED DISEASE

The article describes the evaluation of efficiency of the temperature-myographic training in the patients with vibration-induced disease after the local vibration exposure based on the data of the thermometry, the dosed cold sample, the rheography of the upper extremities, the algesimetry, the pallaesthesimetry, the psychological examination to control the changes in the neuropathic pain, the electroneuromyography. It was shown that the training effectively influenced the manifestations of the angiodystonic syndrome as well as to restore the nervous-muscular conducti-vity at the upper and. the lower extremities

EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION ON BRUCELLOSIS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2016 AND PROGNOSIS FOR 2017

The article presents analysis of human and animal incidence of brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2016. Epidemiological situation on brucellosis is characterized as unstable. Outlined has been the decrease in the number of newly diagnosed brucellosis cases in humans (15.8 %) against the background of the increasing trend for distress and deterioration of the epizootiological situation on brucellosis among the cattle in the regions with well-developed animal husbandry. Cases of group infection among the population in three constituent entities (Stavropol Region, Samara and Leningrad Regions) have been registered, which are of sporadic nature. According to the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, mid-term forecast of epizootiological situation on brucellosis in Russia is unfavorable, which under the current trend constitutes a real risk of widespread brucellosis among the livestock in the regions of the Central and Volga Federal Districts. In 2017, we can predict maintaining of the unstable situation on the disease, morbidity rates among the population varying within the range of 340–370 cases

ROLE OF SENSORY CONFLICT IN FORMING OF HEALTH DISORDERS IN EMPLOYEES EXPOSED BY PHYSICAL FACTORS

The article presents the results of the study of psychological status, centra! and peripheral nervous systems, neuromuscular apparatus in patients with vibration-induced, disease and sensorineural deafness of occupational genesis. The dynamics of forming of changes in these systems with the increase of vibration and. noise doses in the experiment on laboratory animals is showed. The results allowed, to supplement and. extend, the ideas about the conception of «sensory conflict»

OPPORTUNITIES OF USE OF THE BIOFEEDBACK METHOD IN REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CAUSED BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS

The article shows the opportunity of use of biomonitoring in patients with exogenous toxic encephalopathy in the remote period of chronic mercury intoxication. (CMI) and with, vibration disease caused by local vibration. The efficiency of the biofeedback method was assessed on the basis of the data of electroencephalography, auditory, visual and somatosensoric generated potentials, electroneuromyography, thermometry, dosed cold test and. rheography. Biofeedback training in people with. CMI caused decrease of total brain changes in EEG, improvement of amplitude indices at of the brain generated potentials, in people with vibration disease it caused decrease of manifestation of angiodistonic syndrome and. restoration of neuromuscular conductivity

Использование F-волны при диагностике функционального состояния периферических нервов у пожарных

The study of functional nervous system state in 53 fire fighters and 31 gas-rescuers, performed using the electroneuromyographic examination including the registration of M-response and F-wave, has revealed the distal disturbances of motive axons of the peripheral nerves. The findings were found to be more often observed in the range of the normative values which corresponded to the latent (clinically not pronounced) disorders. The induced of stimulation electroneuromyography have been revealed which were found to be more significant for studying the toxic disorders of the peripheral nerves.Изучение функционального состояния нервной системы у 53 пожарных и 31 газоспасателя, выполненное с помощью электронейромиографического обследования, включающего регистрацию М-ответа и F-волны, выявило дистальные нарушения двигательных аксонов периферических нервов. Полученные результаты чаще находятся в пределах нормативных значений, что соответствует латентным (клинически не выраженным) нарушениям. Установлены наиболее значимые для исследований токсических поражений периферических нервов показатели стимуляционной электронейромиографии

Overview of Epizootological and Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2017 and Prognosis for 2018

Analysis of brucellosis morbidity rates in humans and animals across the Russian Federation in 2017 is presented. Epidemic situation on the infection is characterized as unstable, the incidence and number of people with brucellosis are reduced in reference to the average long-term indicators by more than 20 %, against the background of epizootic situation aggravation as regards brucellosis of farm animals. There are cases of group outbreaks of brucellosis in the Stavropol Territory, Lipetsk and Penza Regions. According to the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, analysis of the cumulative epizootic state of the population of epidemically significant species of cattle and small cattle in 2017 defines the risk of brucellosis in the Russian Federation as “high.” In 2018, the unstable epidemic situation on brucellosis will remain; there is high probability of outbreaks with cluster human incidence, including in the territory that is free from brucellosis. Predicted for 2018 morbidity rates on brucellosis in humans will be below the level of the average long-term morbidity and may be within the range of 330–360 cases

Review of Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2015 and Prognosis for 2016

Given are the results of assessment of epidemiological and epizootiological situation on brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2015. It is characterized as challenging. Compared to 2014 (368 cases, intensive index - 0.26), recorded is 5.1 % increase in the number of people infected with brucellosis (393 cases, intensive index - 0.27). The highest incidence rates among the population are registered in the North-Caucasian, Southern and Siberian Federal Districts, where the main source of infection is cattle and small ruminants. Revealed is a significant rise in brucellosis incidence in the Stavropol region too. External epidemiological risks, associated with the intensification of cooperation in the supply of livestock products from the Mediterranean countries, Middle East, and South America, which are endemic as regards cattle brucellosis, will remain pressing. Given the sustained adverse epidemiological and epizootic situation, taking into account the internal and external risks of infection with brucellosis, brucellosis incidence among the population is predicted to be within the range of 390-420 cases

Improvement of the Epidemiological Surveillance over Brucellosis Using GIS-Technologies

Put forward is the method of usage of Arc GIS 10 software product for epidemiological surveillance over brucellosis in the Stavropol region (SR). Designed is the structure of databases on epidemiology and epizootiology of brucellosis in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Constructed are two databases (Epidemiology of brucellosis in the SR and Epizootiology of brucellosis in the SR) compatible with Arc GIS 10. Carried out is the zoning of the SR territories based on assessment of the risk of infecting with brucellosis, using Arc GIS computer program