Lymphomononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients spontaneously produce high levels of oncostatin M, tumor necrosis factors a

Proinflammatory cytokines are deemed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). They provide signals for T-cell activatio

Spot-light on microbiota in obesity and cancer

Over the last few years, the complexity and diversity of gut microbiota within and across individuals has been detailed in relation to human health. Further, understanding of the bidirectional association between gut microbiota and metabolic disorders has highlighted a complimentary, yet crucial role for microbiota in the onset and progression of obesity-related cancers. While strategies for cancer prevention and cure are known to work efficiently when supported by healthy diet and lifestyle choices and physical activity, emerging evidence suggests that the complex interplay relating microbiota both to neoplastic and metabolic diseases could aid strategies for cancer treatment and outcomes. This review will explore the experimental and clinical grounds supporting the functional role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and progression of cancers in relation to obesity and its metabolic correlates. Therapeutic approaches aiding microbiota restoration in connection with cancer treatments will be discussed

Credit and accounting in early modern Italy: the case of the Monte di Piet\ue0 in Bologna

The foundation of Monti di Piet\ue0 by Franciscan friars in the fifteenth century represented a response to the problems of both usury and difficult access to consumer credit. Some historians have highlighted the bank-like nature of the Monti, while others have considered them as economic institutions. This paper explores the case of the Monte di Piet\ue0 in Bologna during the eEarly mModern era, with particular reference to its governance model and its accounting and internal management control practices. The presence of a well preserved archive made it possible to perform a depth investigation of the emergence of accounting as a tool of control of the Monte