12 research outputs found
POLYMER MATERIALS SCIENCE IN THE ENGINEERING CURRICULA
The teaching program of the re-designed Department of Polymer Engineering and Textile
Technology is outlined. The advanced science and technology of polymers is well reflected
in the recent technical literature, textbooks and monographs. The new teaching programs
of the department serving the new modular educational system of the future mechanical
engineers is surveyed. The department offers postgraduate programs and plans for ad-
vanced R/D activity on both polymer and textile engineering
ELECTRON-BEAM PROCESSING OF WOOD FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE
High aspect ratio (LID> 100) cellulosic fibres can be used as efficient reinforcement for
different thermoplastics.
A procedure has been developed for wood fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites,
applying a relatively small amount of reactive additive that compatibilize the synthetic
and natural polymer components. Electron Beam (EB) treatment is a productive method
of creating active sites on both matrix polymer and fibrous reinforcement, bound together
through reactive additive.
The EB-processed, wood fibre reinforced polypropylene composite has not only a
high modulus of elasticity, but also significantly higher flexural and tensile strength and
improved thermal tolerance over the conventional wood fibre - polypropylene blends. The
relatively low melt viscosity of our wood fibre reinforced polypropylene makes it easily
processed not only by extrusion but also by injection molding. In the procedure recycled
raw materials (e.g. fibres from recycled paper pulp or byproducts of the woodworking
industry) can be used and the product is a fully recyclable composite.
The original procedure elaborated in Hungary was further developed and tried out
in pilot scale at Canada. EB treatment, extrusion and thermoforming of the extruded
sheets has been performed and applied to produce internal automobile parts, with the co-
operation of Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL) Whiteshell Research Laboratories.
Technical feasibility and improved product quality have been demonstrated. The justifi-
cation of high upfront investment costs of the EB processing line remained in discussion
CellulĂłz alapĂş anyagokkal erĹ‘sĂtett/töltött biodegradábilis polimer kompozitok kifejlesztĂ©se, Ă©s tulajdonságainak elemzĂ©se = Developing of cellulose based reinforced/filled biodegradable polymer composites and investigation its properties
Pályázatunkban rĂ©szben, ill. teljesen lebomlĂł Ăşj polimer Ă©s polimer kompozit anyagokat, valamint gyártástechnolĂłgiákat fejlesztettĂĽnk ki általános-, ipari- Ă©s orvostechnikai alkalmazásokhoz. Munkánk során elemeztĂĽk a cellulĂłz Ă©s más termĂ©szetes alapĂş szálak, valamint mátrixok tulajdonságait, Ăşj számĂtási modellt alkottunk a viselkedĂ©sĂĽk pontosabb leĂrására. Az alkalmazott mátrixok, szálak Ă©s adalĂ©kanyagok számos kombináciĂłjával Ăşj receptĂşrákat fejlesztettĂĽnk ki javĂtott reolĂłgiai- Ă©s mechanikai tulajdonságĂş rendszerek lĂ©trehozása Ă©rdekĂ©ben. A kompozitokat felĂ©pĂtĹ‘ egyes alkotĂłk közötti kapcsolat ellenĹ‘rzĂ©sĂ©re Ăşj eszközt fejlesztettĂĽnk a szál/mátrix határfelĂĽleti adhĂ©ziĂł, a nyĂrĂłszilárdság megbĂzhatĂłbb mĂ©rĂ©sĂ©re. A kifejlesztett kompozitok biodegradábilis tulajdonságait lebomlásvizsgálatokkal ellenĹ‘riztĂĽk. Az Ăşj tĂpusĂş anyagokbĂłl gyártandĂł termĂ©kek előállĂtásához gyártástechnolĂłgiát fejlesztettĂĽnk Ă©s meghatároztuk a gyártási paramĂ©terek optimális intervallumát. FĂ©lĂĽzemi Ă©s ĂĽzemi kĂsĂ©rletekkel prototĂpus termĂ©keket gyártottunk az anyagok Ă©s technolĂłgiák ipari alkalmazhatĂłságának alátámasztására. | In our project partly and fully degradable polymers, polymer composites and production technologies have been developed for general, industrial and biomedical applications. In our work properties of cellulose based and other natural fibers and matrices have been analyzed, a new predictive model has been developed to describe their behavior more precisely. Using several combinations of the matrices, fibers and additives new formulations have been developed to achieve systems with improved rheological and mechanical properties. A new device has been developed to test the interactions between the components constituting the composites, which allows a more reliable determination of fiber/matrix adhesion and shear strength. Biodegradability of the newly developed composites has been proved by degradability studies. Production technologies have been developed for manufacturing products from the new materials and the optimum intervals of production parameters have been determined. In pilot plant scale and in full scale experiments prototype products have been manufactured to prove the industrial viability of the materials and technologies
Polimer szerkezeti elemek hegesztésének optimalizálása = Optimalization of welded structures from polymer elements
Pályázatunkban a kĂ©zi hĹ‘lĂ©gfĂşvĂłs hegesztĂ©si eljárást automatizáltuk saját tervezĂ©sű Ă©s kivitelezĂ©sű hegesztĹ‘portál segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel, amellyel cĂ©lunk az emberi tĂ©nyezĹ‘k kizárása, az ellenĹ‘rizhetĹ‘sĂ©g kialakĂtása Ă©s a reprodukálhatĂłság biztosĂtása volt a hegesztĂ©s során. MĂ©rhetĹ‘vĂ©, valamint szabályozhatĂłvá tettĂĽk a hegesztĂ©si paramĂ©tereket, ezáltal lehetĹ‘sĂ©g nyĂlt a hegesztĂ©si paramĂ©terek közötti összefĂĽggĂ©sek feltárására. A fĂĽggetlen hegesztĂ©si paramĂ©tereket (hegesztĂ©si hĹ‘mĂ©rsĂ©klet, hegesztĂ©si tĂ©rfogatáram) öt szinten, a hegesztĹ‘ szakembertĹ‘l fĂĽggĹ‘ paramĂ©tereket (hegesztĂ©si sebessĂ©g, hegesztĹ‘erĹ‘) három szinten vizsgáltuk. KĂ©t faktor szerinti keresztosztályozásĂş varianciaanalĂzis segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel bebizonyĂtottuk, hogy a varrat szilárdságára mind a nĂ©gy hegesztĂ©si paramĂ©ter hatása szignifikáns Ă©s a hegesztett varrat minĹ‘sĂ©ge komplexen fĂĽgg a nĂ©gy hegesztĂ©si paramĂ©tertĹ‘l. Mikro-szakĂtĂłvizsgálatokkal elemeztĂĽk a varrat deformáciĂłját, valamint a hegesztett varrat hĹ‘hatásövezetĂ©nek polarizált fĂ©nyű mikroszkĂłpos vizsgálata alapján megalkottuk a forrĂłgázos hegesztĂ©s során kialakult hĹ‘hatásövezet szupermolekuláris szerkezetĂ©nek modelljĂ©t. A kĂĽlsĹ‘, mĂ©rhetĹ‘ geometria Ă©s a varrat szilárdsága közötti kapcsolat elemzĂ©sĂ©hez bevezettĂĽnk egy dimenziĂł nĂ©lkĂĽli mennyisĂ©get, a varratgeometriai tĂ©nyezĹ‘t, amelynek segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel az ipari gyakorlatban is közvetlenĂĽl megállapĂthatĂł a varrat jĂłsága, roncsolásos vizsgálatok nĂ©lkĂĽl. | In our project a welding portal was designed and built to make the welding parameters of manual hot-gas welding reproducible and independent of human factors. We made the welding parameters controllable, and hence the observation and definition of the relationship between the welding parameters became possible. The independent parameters (welding temperature, air flow rate) were analysed at five levels, while human-dependent variables (welding speed, welding force) at three levels. On the basis of two way analysis of variance, we concluded that all the four welding parameters have significant impact on welding strength, and they all influence the quality of the welded seam. We analysed the deformation of the seam with micro-tensile tests, and the heat affected zone of the welded seam was analyzed with polarized light microscope. On the basis of the observation the supermolecular model of the heat affected zone was created. A dimensionless quantity was introduced, as the welded seam coefficient, and it turned out to have correlation with the welding strength. With the help of this coefficient the quality of the seam can be determined directly without destructive materials testing in the industrial practice
Szálas szerkezetek Ă©s szálerĹ‘sĂtĂ©sű kompozitok statisztikus szerkezeti-szilárdsági modellezĂ©se Ă©s komplex vizsgálata = Statistical modelling and testing the structure and strength of fibrous structures and fibre reinforced composites using complex methods
A szálas szerkezetek korábban megalapozott szálkötegcella modellezĂ©si mĂłdszerĂ©nek továbbfejlesztĂ©sekĂ©nt kidolgoztuk az alapkötegek tulajdonságait kombinálĂł EHS, EHT, EST Ă©s EHST szálkötegcellák egyedi, valamint a sorba kapcsolt alapkötegek eredĹ‘ hĂşzĂłerĹ‘-folyamatának meghatározási mĂłdjait. Kimutattuk, hogy az egyirányĂş rövidszálas rendszer, vagy kompozit várhatĂł hĂşzĂłerĹ‘-folyamata párhuzamosan kapcsolt szálkötegcellákkal ĂrhatĂł le. Amennyiben a befogási hossz sokkal nagyobb az átlagos szálhossznál, Ăşgy a fokozatos tönkremenetelt is tartalmazĂł hĂşzĂłerĹ‘-folyamat az ES köteg mĂłdosĂtott formáival, az ES1 vagy ES2 köteggel ĂrhatĂł le. Másik alkalmazáskĂ©nt többrĂ©tegű fonatolt szerkezettel erĹ‘sĂtett kompozit csövek hĂşzási tulajdonságait leĂrĂł kötegmodellt dolgoztunk ki. MĂ©rt hĂşzĂłerĹ‘ folyamatok szálkötegcella mĂłdszerrel törtĂ©nĹ‘ modellezĂ©sĂ©re Ă©s/vagy szálkötegcella hálĂłzatok elemzĂ©sĂ©re FiberSpace-nek elnevezett programrendszert dolgoztunk ki Ă©s valĂłsĂtottunk meg, amelyet folyamatosan fejlesztĂĽnk. VĂ©geselemes modellt dolgoztunk ki a vákuuminjektált szerszámban előállĂtott laminált kompozit lapok irány Ă©s mĂ©retfĂĽggĹ‘ tulajdonságainak feltárásra, a hajlĂtĂłvizsgálatok során megfigyelt deformáciĂłs, akusztikus emissziĂłs Ă©s tönkremeneteli jelensĂ©gek elemzĂ©sĂ©re. Fonalak, rovingok, szálpaplanok vĂz- Ă©s gyantafelvĂ©teli folyamata, vákuuminjektálĂł szerszámban a gyantafelvĂ©teli folyamat jĂłl leĂrhatĂłnak bizonyult a Lucas-Washburn egyenlet általunk kidolgozott közelĂtĹ‘ explicit megoldásával. | As a new development of the fiber-bundle-cells (FBCs) modeling method established earlier we elaborated the ways of determining the tensile force process of the combined FBCs such as EHS, EHT, EST, and EHST bundles as well as that of the serial connection of FBCs. It was shown that the expected value process of the tensile force of a unidirectional short fiber system or composite could be modeled with parallel connected FBCs. If the gauge length is much greater than the mean fiber length the tensile force process including the gradual damages could be described with the modified forms of the ES-bundle that are the ES1 and ES2 bundles. As another application we developed a FBC model for describing the tensile properties of composite tubes reinforced by braided structures. For modeling measured tensile processes with FBC method and/or analyzing networks of FBCs a software package named FiberSpace was and has been being developed. A FEM model was worked out to reveal the size and direction dependent properties of composite sheets produced in vacuum-injection tool as well as to analyze the deformation, damage, and acoustic emission phenomena observed during bending tests. Water and resin take up process of yarns, rovings, fiber mats and resin absorption in the vacuum-injection tool proved to be describable with the approximate explicit solution of Lucas-Washburn equation developed by us
Quelques particularités des peroxydations radiochimiques. Greffage de l’acrylonitrile sur le polypropylène peroxydé
On a étudié le greffage à 80° de l’acrylonitrile sur des films de polypropylène préirradiés en présence d’air à différentes températures. Les résultats montrent que le polypropylène subit une hydropéroxydation en chaîne lorsqu’il est irradié à des températures supérieures à 0°. En dessous de cette température des radicaux restent piégés dans le polymère et sont seuls responsables du greffage. Un point de transition a été décelé dans le polymère à 0°. L’influence de la dose de rayonnement a été examinée à 40°. On a trouvé que la vitesse de greffage est directement proportionnelle à la dose de préirradiation jusqu’à 155 kilorads. Un effet de saturation apparaît au-dessus de cette dose. On discute l’ensemble des résultats dans le cadre d’un schéma cinétique simple de la peroxydation en chaîne. Des résultats en apparence contradictoires obtenus antérieurement s’expliquent à l’aide d’une compétition mettant en jeu les radicaux peroxydes qui peuvent soit se recombiner soit propager la chaîne en arrachant un atome H à l'hydrocarbure