Development of a Holistic Method to Analyse the Consumption of Energy and Technical Services in Manufacturing Facilities

This chapter describes the background to energy usage in production operations and sets out some principles, process steps and methods to provide a more holistic view of the Significant Energy Users (SEUs) and the related consumption of energy and technical services (Heat, Air, Water). A model based on direct and indirect energy analysis from a ‘product’ viewpoint is extended to identify waste or auxiliary energy in line with ‘Lean’ principles. The auxiliary energy identified represents the best opportunity to gain energy savings through operational and behavioral changes at the lowest possible cost. The proposed process mapping methodology [Value Stream Mapping (VSM)] effectively acquires production and energy data that can be modelled to provide both steady state and dynamic energy consumption and potentially provide a multidimensional hierarchical view of this energy consumption and cost directly related to production equipment. The method is one that can be updated easily to reflect changes in the production environment and to provide a holistic view of the energy and technical services in the context of the varying production activity

The Effects of Participation in a Student Development Mentoring-Transcript Program on Freshmen University Students

The purposes of this study were: (a) to determine the effects of participation in a Student Development Mentoring-Transcript Program on freshmen University students, (b) to ascertain the perceived value of participation in such a program for University students, (c) to develop recommendations regarding the implementation of mentoring-transcript programs at colleges and universities, and (d) to determine areas for further research on this topic. Subjects for the study were randomly selected from the 1982 Freshman Class at the University of San Diego. Mentors were selected from among faculty, administrators and professional staff members at the University. The study employed an experimental design measuring differences between experimental and control groups on five dependent variables: (1) use of campus services, (2) satisfaction with campus services, (3) satisfaction with the university environment, (4) participation in extracurricular activities, and (5) change in students\u27 level of confidence in ten developmental areas. Subgroups within experimental and control groups were also compared to determine if there were differences in the effects of participation in the program upon: resident vs. commuter students; male students vs. female students; students of high, average or low academic ability; students with faculty mentors vs. students with administration or staff mentors. Instruments used for data collection were the following: the American College Testing Program’s Student Opinion Survey, the Cooperative Institutional Research Program\u27s Entering Student Survey, the University of San Diego Student Development Transcript, and two questionnaires developed by the researcher. Data were tested by means of chi-square, t-tests and analysis of covariance. Some of the major findings and conclusions of the study were: 1. Participation in a Mentoring-Transcript Program heightens students\u27 awareness of developmental opportunities available to them at the University and assists them in establishing developmental goals. 2. Participation in a Mentoring-Transcript Program increases students\u27 confidence in their ability to solve problems and to make decisions. 3. Assisting students through a Mentoring- Transcript Program promotes among participating students positive attitudes toward the University environment. 4. The role of mentor is a potentially powerful and productive role for faculty and staff in their relationships with students. 5. The Student Development Transcript is viewed by students, faculty, administration and staff as a useful and practical instrument