Employment Discrimination by Religious Institutions: Limiting the Sanctuary of the Constitutional Ministerial Exception to Religion-Based Employment Decisions

A religious organization enters a contract with a builder to construct a new facility and breaches the contract; a student at a private, religiously-affiliated school slips on a patch of ice and is seriously injured because of the school maintenance crew\u27s negligence. The builder and the student are aggrieved by the actions of the respective religious institutions. Consequently, they seek to re- solve their disputes through the judicial system, as would any other individual with a potential legal claim. Although the adjudicative process would involve church and state, the First Amendment Religion Clauses would not likely be implicated, because the applica- tion of contract and tort law to these secular activities does not inhibit religious exercise or involve government in religious activities. In contrast to the above contract and tort examples, consider the relationship between church and state that would ensue from adjudicating a tort claim filed by a parishioner whose priest\u27s marriage counseling progressed to sexual misconduct, or an employment discrimination claim by a female nun who was allegedly denied tenure as a professor of canonical law because of her gender. These legal disputes do not involve mere application of a secular standard to secular conduct. Rather, adjudicating claims that implicate matters of church doctrine or governance necessitates a certain degree of intrusion into constitutionally significant religious matters

Meson PVV Interactions are determined by Quark Loops

We show that all abnormal parity three-body meson interactions can be adequately described by quark loops, evaluated at zero external momentum, with couplings determined by $U(N_f)$ symmetry. We focus primarily on radiative meson decays which involve one pseudoscalar. The agreement with experiment for non-rare decays is surprisingly good and requires very few parameters, namely the coupling constants $g_{\pi qq}$ and $g_{\rho qq}$ and some mixing angles. This agreement extends to some three-body decays that are dominated by pion pairs in a P-wave state.Comment: 21 pages, Revtex, one figur

The “Double Dean”: Embracing the Unexpected Opportunities of a Non-librarian Interim Dean

Serving as an interim administrator is never an easy thing to do. Walking into an interim administrator position when it is not in your area of expertise… well, that is just crazy. Or is it? A University of Arkansas practice is to fill vacant dean positions with an interim leader who is a current sitting dean from another college. When our former dean announced his departure, the university appointed the dean of the Honors College to serve as interim dean of libraries. For the senior library leadership group, all relatively new associate deans from other academic organizations, this practice at first seemed a bit bizarre. Many libraries struggle with maintaining organizational momentum on key initiatives in the vacuum of interim leadership. How would this work with someone whose field of expertise was so unrelated? As we quickly learned, having an experienced administrator with already established campus relationships to advise us became an immediate asset for the libraries. A neutral advocate at the table for campus decisions meant more exposure for the libraries, more access to decision-makers, and greater opportunities to build and advance our core programs and services across campus with key stakeholders. This relationship is also not one-sided, as our new double dean was very candid about what she saw as an investment in a long-term relationship between her home college and the libraries. This chapter will explore, from the perspectives of two associate deans and the interim dean, what those advantages were and why this arrangement served academic libraries well

Momentum and Coordinate Space Three-nucleon Potentials

In this paper we give explicit formulae in momentum and coordinate space for the three-nucleon potentials due to $\rho$ and $\pi$ meson exchange, derived from off-mass-shell meson-nucleon scattering amplitudes which are constrained by the symmetries of QCD and by the experimental data. Those potentials have already been applied to nuclear matter calculations. Here we display additional terms which appear to be the most important for nuclear structure. The potentials are decomposed in a way that separates the contributions of different physical mechanisms involved in the meson-nucleon amplitudes. The same type of decomposition is presented for the $\pi - \pi$ TM force: the $\Delta$, the chiral symmetry breaking and the nucleon pair terms are isolated.Comment: LATEX, 33 pages, 3 figures (available as postscript files upon request

Cerebral aneurysm treatment: modern neurovascular techniques.

Endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysm continues to evolve with the development of new technologies. This review provides an overview of the recent major innovations in the neurointerventional space in recent years

The Impact of the Safeguard Anti-Ballistic Missile System Construction on Northeastern North Dakota

Federal defense projects have let to rapid population changes in many communities. These communities often have experienced rapid growth during the construction and installation phase, followed by a population decrease when the project became operational and labor requirements declined. Large industrial construction projects (e.g., construction of coal conversion plants) may confront other communities with similar adjustment problems.Community/Rural/Urban Development,